Large-scale Assessments in Education

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Table 7 Item parameters for GPCM and NRM

From: Exploration of the linear and nonlinear relationships between learning strategies and mathematics achievement in South Korea using the nominal response model : PISA 2012

Model	Parameter	Item
Model	Parameter	1	2	3	4
GPCM
	a	0.567	0.333	0.303	-0.059
	b1	− 2.034	1.066	− 1.775	-23.078
	b2	0.272	-2.847	− 3.300	13.240
NRM
	a1	− 0.63	-0.055	0.125	0.628
	a2	0.106	-0.186	-0.54	-1.322
	a3	0.524	0.241	0.415	0.695
	c1	− 0.762	-0.03	-0.555	0.989
	c2	0.451	-0.482	-0.315	-1.39
	c3	0.312	0.512	0.87	0.401

Note. (a) An item discrimination parameter of GPCM and the slope of each category in NRM; (b) A threshold of GPCM; (c) An intercept of each category in NRM.

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