An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal
Table 9 Multilevel modelling of mathematics achievement
TIMSS 2011 | TIMSS 2015 | TIMSS 2019 | |
|---|---|---|---|
B (SE) | B (SE) | B (SE) | |
Student-level | |||
Home resources for learning | 16.83 (1.27)* | 17.98 (0.82)* | 18.66 (0.84)* |
School-level | |||
School disadvantaged status (non-DEIS) | |||
DEIS | − 24.91 (8.05)* | − 17.90 (5.80)* | − 16.92 (5.62)* |
Intercept | 354.20 (13.88) | 353.56 (9.33) | 346.22 (10.02) |
ICC (conditional model) | 12.5% | 4.6% | 6.1% |
Variance explained (R2) | |||
Student-level | 16.8% | 18.7% | 17.9% |
School-level | 13.1% | 18.7% | 12.6% |
Overall | 16.3% | 18.7% | 17.6% |