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An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal

Table 5 GLMM results of predicting adults’ success in web search tasks (subsample S1)

From: Rule-based process indicators of information processing explain performance differences in PIAAC web search tasks

Model

A0

A1

A2

A3

Intercept

0.23 (0.09) **

0.10 (0.10)

0.09 (0.10)

0.87 (0.13) ***

Item u07

0.04 (0.04)

0.04 (0.04)

0.00 (0.04)

-1.07 (0.07) ***

Background variables

    

Age (linear)

-

-0.15 (0.02) ***

-0.14 (0.02) ***

-0.02 (0.03)

Age (quadratic)

-

-0.01 (0.03)

-0.02 (0.03)

-0.04 (0.03)

Education level (low)

-

-0.26 (0.06) ***

-0.17 (0.06) **

-0.13 (0.06) *

Education level (high)

-

0.39 (0.05) ***

0.20 (0.05) ***

0.10 (0.05) *

Gender (female)

 

-0.04 (0.04)

-0.02 (0.04)

0.03 (0.04)

Skill variables

    

Determining usefulness (u06a)

-

-

0.13 (0.03) ***

0.11 (0.03) ***

Identifying deficiencies (u06a)

-

-

0.18 (0.03) ***

0.13 (0.03) ***

Behavioral variables

    

Time on task

-

-

0.48 (0.03) ***

0.02 (0.04)

Behavior: Breadth-first

-

-

-

0.33 (0.08) ***

Behavior: Satisficing

-

-

-

2.08 (0.10) ***

Behavior: Sampling

-

-

-

2.03 (0.09) ***

Behavior: Laborious

-

-

-

2.35 (0.15) ***

Behavior: Multiple

-

-

-

-0.57 (0.12) ***

Behavior: Unassigned

-

-

-

1.73 (0.12) ***

SD random country intercepts

0.20

0.22

0.20

0.19

SD random person intercepts

0.39

0.35

0.19

0.00¹

Interindividual variance explained

-

0.18

0.76

1.00¹

  1. Notes. The reference categories of the categorical variables are “item u06b”, “medium education level”, “male”, and “flimsy”. ¹The model revealed a singular fit, indicating overfit. That means that the specified random effect structure (here random intercept for person) is overly complex. There is not systematic effect coming from person