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Large-scale Assessments in Education

An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal

Table 4 Regression for reading achievement and self-concept: Chinese B–S–J–Z sample

From: The relationship among personal achievement motives, school relational goal structures and learning outcomes: a multilevel analysis with PISA 2018 data

 

Reading achievement (MC12)

Reading self-concept (MC22)

Reading self-concept (MC23)

est

SE

t

est

SE

t

est

SE

t

Student level (N = 11,700)

Intercept

543.99

7.18

75.76***

.25

.04

5.92***

.25

.04

5.57***

Gender

 − 12.30

3.07

 − 4.00***

 − .04

.02

 − 1.65

 − .04

.03

 − 1.55

ESCS

10.57

1.67

6.32***

.17

.01

12.28***

.17

.01

12.54***

WORKMAST

3.44

1.88

1.83

.20

.02

8.70***

.20

.02

9.33***

COMPETE

5.82

1.69

3.44**

.12

.02

6.33***

.12

.02

6.58***

GFOFAIL

.23

1.51

.15

 − .09

.02

 − 4.73***

 − .09

.02

 − 4.61***

School level (N = 360)

School track 1

 − .98

10.45

 − .09

 − .04

.03

 − 1.38

 − .04

.03

 − 1.38

School track 2

57.15

5.14

11.12***

 − .06

.03

 − 2.33*

 − .06

.03

 − 2.33*

COOPFO

10.60

14.45

.73

.47

.07

7.18***

.47

.07

7.20***

COMPFO

91.27

19.19

4.76***

.15

.06

2.50*

.15

.06

2.48*

Cross-level Interaction

COMPFO*

 − 15.75

6.60

 − 2.39*

–

–

–

–

–

–

WOKRMAST (γ11)

         

COMPFO*

–

–

–

 − .20

.05

 − 3.87***

–

–

–

WORKMAST (γ11)

         

COMPFO*

–

–

–

–

–

–

 − .22

.08

 − 2.90**

COMPETE (γ11)

         

Explained variance compared with null model

 Student level

.31

.21

.20

 School level

.63

.68

.69

  1. ESCS is the proxy for economic, social and cultural status. WORKMAST = work mastery motive, COMPETE = competitiveness; GFOFAIL = fear of failure; COMPFO = perception of competition at school level; COOPFO = perception of cooperation at school level. School track 1 is the dummy variable created to compare vocational schools with the reference group lower secondary schools. School track 2 is the dummy variable created to compare higher secondary schools and lower secondary schools. COMPFO*WOKRMAST means the cross-level interaction between the work mastery motive and the school-level competitive goal structure. COMPFO*COMPETE represents the interaction between the competitiveness motive and the school-level competitive goal structure
  2. *p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001
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