Large-scale Assessments in Education

An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal

Table 11 Beta regression of student test-taking effort on expectancy-value proxies in

From: Student test-taking effort in low-stakes assessments: evidence from the English version of the PISA 2015 science test

Effect	AUS								CAN
	Cluster 1		Cluster 2		Cluster 3		Cluster 4		Cluster 1		Cluster 2		Cluster 3		Cluster 4
	\(\widehat{b}\)	SE	\(\widehat{b}\)	SE	\(\widehat{b}\)	SE	\(\widehat{b}\)	SE	\(\widehat{b}\)	SE	\(\widehat{b}\)	SE	\(\widehat{b}\)	SE	\(\widehat{b}\)	SE
Intercept	2.47	0.05	1.70	0.04	1.91	0.06	1.46	0.04	2.48	0.07	1.89	0.05	2.04	0.04	1.71	0.04
Expectancy
Scieeff	0.00	0.03	0.04	0.03	− 0.01	0.03	0.02	0.03	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	− 0.05	0.02	0.00	0.02
Envaware	0.03	0.02	0.05	0.02	0.06	0.03	0.05	0.03	0.01	0.02	0.04	0.02	0.04	0.02	0.03	0.01
Value
Anxtest	0.06	0.02	0.02	0.02	− 0.03	0.03	− 0.05	0.03	0.00	0.02	− 0.02	0.02	− 0.02	0.02	− 0.05	0.02
Intbrsci	0.07	0.03	0.05	0.04	0.15	0.03	0.15	0.03	0.09	0.03	0.06	0.02	0.09	0.03	0.09	0.02
Joyscie	0.07	0.03	0.10	0.03	0.06	0.03	0.07	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.07	0.02	0.10	0.02	0.10	0.02
Scieact	− 0.07	0.03	− 0.06	0.03	− 0.08	0.03	− 0.10	0.04	− 0.08	0.02	− 0.09	0.02	− 0.07	0.02	− 0.08	0.02
Precision	4.07	0.13	2.45	0.06	2.68	0.10	2.20	0.07	4.34	0.24	3.09	0.10	3.51	0.09	3.07	0.08
Pseudo R²	0.04	0.01	0.06	0.01	0.05	0.01	0.06	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.06	0.01	0.05	0.01

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