Table 5 Interpreting of Effect Sizes for Phi ϕ, Cramer’s V, Cohens’s f, and Cohen’s d

Small

ϕ = 0.10

df = 1 (V = 0.10)

df = 2 (V = 0.07)

df = 3 (V = 0.06)

df = 4 (V = 0.05)

df = 5 (V = 0.04)

f = 0.10

|d| = 0.2

Medium

ϕ = 0.30

df = 1 (V = 0.30)

df = 2 (V = 0.21)

df = 3 (V = 0.17)

df = 4 (V = 0.05)

df = 4 (V = 0.15)

df = 5 (V = 0.13)

f = 0.25

|d| = 0.5

Large

ϕ = 0.50

df = 1 (V = 0.50)

df = 2 (V = 0.35)

df = 3 (V = 0.29)

df = 4 (V = 0.25)

df = 5 (V = 0.22)

f = 0.40

|d| = 0.8