On the comparability of adults with low literacy across LEO, PIAAC, and NEPS. Methodological considerations and empirical evidence

Durda, Tabea; Gauly, Britta; Buddeberg, Klaus; Lechner, Clemens M.; Artelt, Cordula

doi:10.1186/s40536-020-00091-0

Large-scale Assessments in Education

An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal

Table 2 Basic statistics of the analytical sample

From: On the comparability of adults with low literacy across LEO, PIAAC, and NEPS. Methodological considerations and empirical evidence

	Full sample				Low-literate sample				Literate sample
	95%				95%				95%
	%/M (SD)	SE	LL	UL	%/M (SD)	SE	LL	UL	%/M (SD)	SE	LL	UL
Literacy in %
LEO	100.00	–	–	–	14.69	0.57	13.57	15.81	85.31	0.57	84.19	86.43
PIAAC	100.00	–	–	–	17.65	0.84	15.96	19.35	82.35	0.84	80.65	84.04
NEPS	100.00	–	–	–	13.69	0.64	12.49	15.00	86.30	0.64	85.00	87.51
Male in %
LEO	50.19	0.71	48.78	51.59	60.03	1.99	56.11	63.96	48.49	0.79	46.93	50.04
PIAAC	50.51	0.20	50.11	50.90	47.78	2.53	42.52	53.04	51.09	0.58	49.90	52.28
NEPS	52.30	0.85	50.63	53.96	59.07	2.51	54.07	63.89	51.23	0.90	49.46	52.99
Age in M (SD)
LEO	44.07 (11.04)	0.15	43.77	44.37	44.73 (11.02)	0.42	43.89	45.56	43.96 (11.04)	0.17	43.63	44.28
PIAAC	44.44 (11.10)	0.08	44.28	44.59	46.86 (10.89)	0.53	45.78	47.94	43.91 (11.07)	0.13	43.64	44.19
NEPS	46.66 (10.68)	0.18	46.30	47.02	48.98 (9.95)	0.61	47.78	50.17	46.29 (10.72)	0.18	45.92	46.66
Non-German in %
LEO	14.85	0.58	13.72	15.98	42.67	3.02	36.08	49.25	10.06	0.64	8.76	11.36
PIAAC	12.43	0.56	11.31	13.55	27.48	2.06	23.34	31.61	9.20	0.58	8.04	10.36
NEPS	12.55	0.70	11.24	13.99	25.81	2.51	21.19	31.04	10.44	0.69	9.16	11.88
No edu. attainment (ISCED 1 and below) in %
LEO	3.08	0.23	2.62	3.53	14.41	1.38	11.69	17.14	1.13	0.15	0.82	1.43
PIAAC	3.03	0.32	2.39	3.67	12.52	1.60	9.33	15.72	0.99	0.24	0.51	1.48
NEPS	1.08	0.23	0.72	1.63	5.01	1.29	3.01	8.23	0.46	0.16	0.23	0.89
Low edu. attainment (ISCED 2) in %
LEO	9.18	0.39	8.42	9.94	21.56	1.82	17.90	25.22	7.05	0.39	6.27	7.82
PIAAC	6.94	0.46	6.02	7.87	17.73	2.12	13.44	22.03	4.63	0.47	3.69	5.57
NEPS	9.59	0.63	8.43	10.91	22.86	2.51	18.30	28.16	7.49	0.59	6.41	8.73
Medium edu. attainment (ISCED 3/4) in %
LEO	59.91	0.71	58.52	61.29	52.80	2.07	48.71	56.89	61.13	0.77	59.62	62.65
PIAAC	55.66	0.80	54.07	57.25	59.00	2.49	54.00	63.99	54.95	0.79	53.37	56.52
NEPS	50.76	0.85	49.09	52.43	57.50	2.62	52.28	62.55	49.69	0.90	47.93	51.45
High edu. attainment (ISCED 5/6) in %
LEO	27.84	0.66	26.54	29.14	11.23	1.70	7.73	14.73	30.69	0.75	29.22	32.17
PIAAC	34.37	0.66	33.05	35.68	10.75	1.31	8.13	13.37	39.43	0.75	37.93	40.93
NEPS	38.56	0.81	36.99	40.16	14.63	1.74	11.53	18.37	42.36	0.87	40.66	44.08
Employed in %
LEO	71.68	0.58	70.54	72.83	59.58	2.08	55.41	63.75	73.77	0.64	72.52	75.01
PIAAC	74.07	0.73	72.61	75.53	60.44	2.26	55.90	64.98	76.99	0.84	75.31	78.67
NEPS	80.55	0.70	79.14	81.88	63.99	2.46	59.03	68.67	83.18	0.70	81.76	84.50
Unemployed in %
LEO	7.66	0.31	7.06	8.27	17.17	1.54	14.02	20.32	6.03	0.32	5.39	6.67
PIAAC	5.48	0.40	4.68	6.29	10.29	1.48	7.33	13.24	4.45	0.42	3.61	5.30
NEPS	6.59	0.48	5.71	7.59	19.36	2.12	15.53	23.87	4.56	0.42	3.80	5.47
Other employ. status in %
LEO	20.65	0.52	19.64	21.67	23.25	1.66	19.92	26.58	20.21	0.57	19.08	21.33
PIAAC	20.45	0.75	18.96	21.93	29.27	2.16	24.94	33.60	18.55	0.83	16.90	20.21
NEPS	12.86	0.57	11.78	14.02	16.65	1.79	13.42	20.47	12.26	0.60	11.14	13.48
Occupational status (ISEI-08) in M (SD)
LEO	46.17 (20.73)	0.38	45.44	46.91	32.51 (16.71)	1.07	30.37	34.65	48.07 (20.52)	0.39	47.30	48.84
PIAAC	44.88 (20.91)	0.30	44.28	45.48	30.75 (14.35)	0.91	28.88	32.62	47.24 (20.90)	0.35	46.54	47.94
NEPS	47.05 (21.04)	0.39	46.29	47.82	30.90 (14.21)	0.99	29.05	32.92	49.02 (20.71)	0.40	48.23	49.80

Table shows the weighted distributions of the sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics in our three samples of respondents aged from 24 to 64 years across the surveys. The full analytic samples comprise of 7,438 (LEO), 4,335 (PIAAC), and 7,633 (NEPS) respondents. LL and UL indicate the lower and upper limits of a confidence interval, respectively

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