Relationships among locus of control, learned helpless, and mathematical literacy in PISA 2012: focus on Korea and Finland

Large-scale Assessments in Education

An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal

Table 4 McFadden’s R² for each ordinal regression model

Independent variable	Ability	Effort	Task difficulty	Luck
Korea	0.55	0.54	0.53	0.52
Finland	0.56	0.54	0.54	0.52