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Large-scale Assessments in Education

An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal

Table 2 Mean and standard deviations

From: Socio-economic gaps in subject interest: the mediating role of parental cognitive involvement

 

Student reading interest

Student mathematics interest

Family SES

Parental literacy cognitive involvement

Parental numeracy cognitive involvement

Pre-school attendance

Parents like reading scale

Number of books

Number of children’s books

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Austria

10.04

2.20

9.63

2.11

0.03

0.73

10.09

1.72

10.53

1.59

0.00

0.49

0.06

2.15

0.05

1.08

0.05

1.03

Azerbaijan

10.45

1.62

9.92

1.43

− 0.77

1.04

9.53

1.78

9.22

1.79

0.00

0.92

0.06

1.49

0.06

0.97

0.02

0.79

Canada (Quebec)

10.33

2.03

9.71

1.98

0.58

0.70

10.37

1.87

10.51

1.77

0.00

0.73

0.06

1.97

0.03

1.12

0.03

1.02

Chinese Taipei

9.83

1.98

9.16

2.21

− 0.02

0.86

8.82

1.86

9.33

2.13

0.01

0.58

0.02

1.66

0.03

1.20

0.04

1.29

Croatia

9.29

2.13

9.02

2.33

− 0.10

0.81

10.77

1.76

10.55

1.69

0.02

0.97

0.05

2.09

0.02

1.04

0.01

0.98

Czech Republic

10.05

2.11

9.78

1.93

0.08

0.76

10.34

1.65

11.02

1.55

0.01

0.58

0.03

1.93

0.03

1.06

0.03

0.97

Finland

9.77

2.16

9.24

2.14

0.53

0.77

9.86

1.51

9.56

1.42

0.00

0.72

0.06

2.04

0.03

1.07

0.03

0.97

Georgia

10.94

1.95

11.36

1.49

− 0.07

0.97

10.82

1.83

9.71

1.99

− 0.01

0.94

0.06

1.64

0.06

1.05

0.02

1.00

Hong Kong

9.78

1.85

9.92

1.96

− 0.40

0.95

8.73

1.71

9.18

1.91

0.01

0.48

0.02

1.52

0.02

1.09

0.02

1.11

Hungary

9.87

2.29

9.99

2.02

− 0.19

1.08

10.35

1.61

11.25

1.63

0.01

0.33

0.06

1.92

0.05

1.08

0.05

1.06

Iran

10.63

1.75

10.71

1.78

− 1.06

1.21

8.97

1.82

9.39

1.90

− 0.01

0.77

0.04

1.61

0.00

1.01

0.00

0.93

Ireland

10.45

2.26

9.52

2.09

0.27

0.87

10.92

2.03

10.99

1.92

0.01

0.70

0.09

2.10

0.06

1.12

0.07

1.08

Italy

9.78

1.96

10.03

1.92

− 0.30

0.87

10.55

1.73

10.35

1.68

0.02

0.50

0.05

1.72

0.04

1.12

0.03

1.01

Lithuania

10.07

1.92

10.38

1.85

0.09

0.90

10.14

1.67

10.01

1.59

0.01

0.91

0.05

1.92

0.03

1.09

0.02

1.00

Malta

10.33

2.25

10.16

2.04

− 0.21

0.94

10.57

1.91

10.53

1.92

0.00

0.36

0.11

2.09

0.07

1.16

0.07

0.95

Norway

9.81

1.89

10.27

2.00

0.74

0.72

10.16

1.75

9.87

1.60

0.02

0.61

0.10

2.04

0.07

1.05

0.05

0.98

Poland

9.75

2.20

10.50

1.88

− 0.14

1.02

10.51

1.74

10.85

1.61

0.02

0.98

0.05

1.98

0.04

1.05

0.04

1.00

Portugal

11.01

1.81

10.38

1.70

− 0.06

1.01

10.20

1.85

10.03

1.77

0.01

0.82

0.04

1.58

0.05

1.09

0.05

1.04

Romania

10.54

2.16

10.58

1.78

− 0.46

1.09

10.37

2.37

10.16

2.35

0.02

0.63

0.03

1.80

0.03

1.03

0.03

0.95

Russian Federation

9.99

1.87

10.44

1.70

0.24

0.83

11.16

1.93

10.95

1.83

0.01

0.91

0.03

1.71

0.01

1.02

0.00

1.00

Singapore

9.82

1.79

9.94

2.05

0.20

0.87

9.50

2.08

9.75

2.13

0.01

0.54

0.04

1.70

0.02

1.13

0.02

1.09

Slovak Republic

9.69

2.11

9.83

1.95

− 0.12

0.93

10.55

1.80

11.09

1.77

0.03

0.62

0.04

1.81

0.03

1.01

0.03

0.94

Slovenia

10.03

2.02

9.80

2.00

0.10

0.77

10.69

1.78

10.48

1.65

0.01

0.85

0.03

1.64

0.03

1.07

0.03

1.03

Spain

10.32

2.07

10.02

1.97

0.07

0.98

10.52

1.75

10.09

1.70

0.01

0.63

0.07

2.02

0.06

1.05

0.06

1.00

Sweden

9.65

1.95

9.87

1.94

0.50

0.78

10.03

1.78

9.47

1.70

0.03

0.60

0.12

2.01

0.06

1.05

0.06

1.00

United Arab Emirates

10.14

1.76

10.45

1.87

0.27

0.93

9.79

1.80

10.08

1.91

− 0.01

0.90

0.04

1.58

0.03

1.09

0.01

0.95

Abu Dhabi

10.06

1.68

10.45

1.87

0.14

0.96

9.60

1.72

9.90

1.85

− 0.02

0.88

0.05

1.50

0.03

1.09

0.01

0.91

Dubai

10.27

1.87

10.42

1.89

0.50

0.84

10.06

1.87

10.28

1.94

− 0.01

0.91

0.04

1.68

0.02

1.09

0.02

1.01

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