An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal
From: Do immigrants experience labor market mismatch? New evidence from the US PIAAC
 | Dependent Variable: indicator of mismatch (perfect match is the reference category) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | ||||
 | Under(1) Odds ratio | Over (2) Odds ratio | Under (3) Odds ratio | Over (4) Odds ratio | Under (5) Odds ratio | Over (6) Odds ratio | Under (7) Odds ratio | Over (8) Odds ratio |
First-generation | Reference category | |||||||
Second- generation | 0.48* (0.10) | 1.00 (0.19) | 0.49* (0.11) | 1.00 (0.19) | 0.76 (0.19) | 0.83* (0.17) | Â | Â |
Work experience | Â | Â | 1.02 (0.01) | 1.00 (0.01) | 1.02* (0.01) | 1.00* (0.01) | 1.02* (0.01) | 1.01* (0.01) |
Part-time (= 1) |  |  | 1.02 (0.07) | 0.68 (0.08) | 1.01 (0.08) | 0.85* (0.03) | 1.87* (0.06) | 0.96* (0.05) |
Numeracy score | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.98* (0.002) | 1.01* (0.002) | 0.99* (0.003) | 1.01* (0.002) |
Male | Reference category | |||||||
Female | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.97 (0.01) | 1.10* (0.02) | 0.92* (0.03) | 1.44* (0.03) |
White | Reference category | |||||||
Hispanic | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.63* (0.06) | 0.91* (0.06) | 1.46* (0.07) | 0.76* (0.03) |
Black | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.67* (0.03) | 1.39* (0.05) | 0.98 (0.61) | 1.10* (0.05) |
Asian American | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.54* (0.03) | 1.57* (0.05) | 0.64* (0.03) | 1.46* (0.05) |
Other | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.42* (0.04) | 1.37* (0.08) | 1.71* (0.08) | 1.45* (0.05) |
Children | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.44* (0.04) | 0.75* (0.02) | 1.86* (0.03) | 0.83* (0.04) |
City | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.12* (0.03) | 0.86* (0.02) | 1.20* (0.03) | 1.09* (0.02) |
West | Reference category | |||||||
Northeast | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.10* (0.04) | 1.07* (0.03) | 1.67* (0.04) | 1.42 (0.08) |
Midwest | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.63* (0.07) | 1.02 (0.04) | 2.84* (0.02) | 2.33* (0.03) |
South | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.21* (0.03) | 0.76* (0.02) | 1.00 (0.05) | 0.76* (0.06) |
Speak English: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Not well/Not at all | Reference category | |||||||
Very well/Well | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.27* (0.10) | 0.87* (0.03) |
Years in the country: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
5 or fewer | Reference category | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
6–10 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.28* (0.08) | 0.77* (0.04) |
11–15 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.95* (0.02) | 0.98* (0.05) |
More than 15 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 2.17* (0.03) | 0.84 (0.08) |
N | 886 | 548 |