An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal
Country | Total effects | Direct effects | Indirect effects | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Math | Science | Reading | Math | Science | Reading | Math | Science | Reading | |
Azerbaijan | .11 | .14 | .15 | .06 | .08 | .11 | .05 | .06 | .03 |
Australia | .33 | .35 | .33 | .23 | .22 | .21 | .11 | .14 | .12 |
Austria | .31 | .33 | .32 | .09 | .10 | .10 | .22 | .23 | .22 |
Botswana | .41 | .45 | .48 | .32 | .34 | .38 | .09 | .10 | .10 |
Chinese Taipei | .37 | .39 | .34 | .20 | .22 | .20 | .17 | .17 | .13 |
Croatia | .31 | .32 | .31 | .17 | .17 | .16 | .14 | .15 | .14 |
Czech Republic | .31 | .29 | .29 | .17 | .13 | .13 | .14 | .16 | .16 |
Finland | .29 | .28 | .28 | .16 | .13 | .12 | .13 | .15 | .16 |
Georgia | .28 | .29 | .31 | .15 | .15 | .17 | .13 | .14 | .14 |
Germany | .36 | .38 | .36 | .17 | .15 | .15 | .19 | .23 | .21 |
Honduras | .34 | .36 | .34 | .31 | .31 | .29 | .03 | .05 | .05 |
Hong Kong SAR | .16 | .15 | .12 | .07 | .05 | .04 | .09 | .10 | .08 |
Hungary | .55 | .55 | .53 | .27 | .26 | .29 | .28 | .29 | .24 |
Iran, Islamic Rep. of | .44 | .45 | .43 | .25 | .25 | .25 | .19 | .20 | .18 |
Ireland | .33 | .34 | .34 | .17 | .16 | .16 | .17 | .19 | .19 |
Italy | .24 | .28 | .3 | .15 | .14 | .16 | .09 | .14 | .14 |
Lithuania | .36 | .35 | .35 | .19 | .18 | .16 | .17 | .18 | .19 |
Malta | .34 | .45 | .44 | .21 | .30 | .30 | .13 | .15 | .15 |
Morocco | .19 | .19 | .24 | .18 | .16 | .19 | .00 | .03 | .05 |
Oman | .30 | .31 | .32 | .21 | .22 | .23 | .09 | .08 | .09 |
Norway | .25 | .28 | .26 | .16 | .11 | .11 | .10 | .17 | .16 |
Poland | .43 | .44 | .43 | .27 | .28 | .29 | .15 | .16 | .14 |
Portugal | .30 | .30 | .31 | .13 | .13 | .14 | .18 | .17 | .18 |
Qatar | .39 | .38 | .40 | .31 | .30 | .32 | .09 | .08 | .08 |
Romania | .43 | .47 | .49 | .21 | .23 | .25 | .22 | .24 | .24 |
Russian Federation | .27 | .27 | .30 | .15 | .14 | .17 | .11 | .13 | .13 |
Saudi Arabia | .18 | .25 | .24 | .09 | .15 | .16 | .09 | .10 | .09 |
Singapore | .39 | .44 | .41 | .25 | .27 | .24 | .15 | .17 | .17 |
Slovak Republic | .37 | .38 | .38 | .16 | .16 | .16 | .21 | .21 | .21 |
Slovenia | .38 | .39 | .35 | .23 | .21 | .18 | .15 | .17 | .17 |
Spain | .37 | .33 | .31 | .21 | .14 | .16 | .17 | .19 | .16 |
Sweden | .32 | .34 | .34 | .13 | .10 | .12 | .20 | .25 | .22 |
United Arab Emirates | .39 | .40 | .42 | .25 | .27 | .26 | .14 | .13 | .15 |
Dubai, UAE | .41 | .42 | .42 | .25 | .26 | .25 | .16 | .16 | .17 |
Abu Dhabi, UAE | .40 | .39 | .40 | .27 | .27 | .25 | .13 | .12 | .15 |
Quebec, Canada | .25 | .29 | .27 | .18 | .18 | .17 | .08 | .11 | .10 |
N. Ireland | .38 | .39 | .36 | .25 | .23 | .22 | .13 | .16 | .14 |
Average | .33 | .35 | .34 | .19 | .19 | .20 | .14 | .15 | .15 |
Standard deviation | .09 | .09 | .09 | .07 | .07 | .07 | .06 | .06 | .05 |