An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal
Table 5 Mean facet level item difficulty across science facets and levels
Facet | Levels | All items | Mode invariant items | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
\({\overline{\mathrm{b}} }_{\mathrm{PBA}}\) | \({\overline{\mathrm{b}} }_{\mathrm{CBA}}\) | Wald test χ2 (N = 11861) | \({\overline{\mathrm{b}} }_{\mathrm{PBA}}\) | \({\overline{\mathrm{b}} }_{\mathrm{CBA}}\) | Wald test χ2 (N = 11859)a | ||
Context 1 (2015) | Personal | −0.06 (0.08) | 0.10 (0.07) | χ2 (2) = 5.85* | −0.42 (0.08) | −0.29 (0.07) | χ2 (2) = 4.4 |
Local/National | −0.38 (0.03) | −0.11 (0.03) | p = .05 | −0.30 (0.03) | −0.11 (0.03) | p = .11 | |
Global | 0.11 (0.03) | 0.43 (0.03) | 0.09 (0.04) | 0.35 (0.03) | |||
Context 2 (2015) | Health and disease | −0.37 (0.04) | −0.21 (0.03) | χ2 (4) = 24.40* | −0.31 (0.04) | −0.16 (0.04) | χ2 (4) = 3.99 |
Natural resources | −0.52 (0.04) | −0.18 (0.03) | p < .01 | −0.35 (0.04) | −0.13 (0.03) | p = .41 | |
Frontiers | 0.15 (0.04) | 0.40 (0.04) | −0.14 (0.04) | 0.06 (0.04) | |||
Hazards | −0.76 (0.06) | −0.53 (0.05) | −0.78 (0.07) | −0.63 (0.05) | |||
Environmental quality | −0.17 (0.04) | 0.14 (0.03) | 0.12 (0.04) | 0.35 (0.04) | |||
System | Living | −0.06 (0.04) | 0.18 (0.03) | χ2 (2) = 8.97* | −0.1 (0.03) | 0.07 (0.03) | χ2 (2) = 5.24* |
Earth and space | −0.43 (0.04) | −0.07 (0.03) | p = .01 | −0.47 (0.04) | −0.23 (0.03) | p = .07 | |
Physical | −0.35 (0.04) | −0.12 (0.04) | −0.36 (0.05) | −0.16 (0.05) | |||
Competency | Interpret data & evidence scientifically | −0.22 (0.04) | 0.08 (0.03) | χ2 (2) = 11.06* | −0.19 (0.03) | 0.00 (0.03) | χ2 (2) = 4.02 |
Evaluate and design scientific enquiry | −0.30 (0.05) | 0.06 (0.04) | p < .01 | −0.12 (0.05) | 0.17 (0.05) | p=.13 | |
Explain phenomena scientifically | −0.22 (0.04) | −0.03 (0.03) | −0.36 (0.04) | −0.21 (0.04) | |||
Knowledge | Procedural | −0.30 (0.04) | −0.04 (0.04) | χ2 (2) = 4.39 | −0.1 (0.04) | 0.08 (0.04) | χ2 (2) = 8.37* |
Content | −0.24 (0.04) | 0.00 (0.03) | p = .11 | −0.33 (0.04) | −0.17 (0.04) | p=.02 | |
Epistemic | −0.01 (0.05) | 0.35 (0.04) | −0.27 (0.06) | 0.07 (0.04) | |||
Depth of Knowledge | Low | −0.37 (0.04) | −0.12 (0.04) | χ2 (2) = 3.42 | −0.49 (0.05) | −0.32 (0.05) | χ2 (2) = 1.35 |
Medium | −0.23 (0.03) | 0.05 (0.03) | p = .18 | −0.26 (0.03) | −0.04 (0.03) | p=.51 | |
High | 0.30 (0.05) | 0.47 (0.05) | 0.30 (0.05) | 0.49 (0.06) | |||