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An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal

Table 11 Items used for school-provided supports/resources for remote learning

From: Inequality in remote learning quality during COVID-19: student perspectives and mitigating factors

Support for:

School support/ resource [REDS Item]

Item wording

Levels

School support indicator coding (yes/no)

Access to quality technology

Providing internet/digital devices to students [IP1G03B,D]

Did your school provide any of the following resources during the [COVID-19 disruption]? [e.g., internet, digital devices]

1 = Yes, this was already provided before the [COVID-19 disruption] 2 = Yes, this was provided during the [COVID-19 disruption] 3 = No

Yes = Respond 1 or 2 to both items No = otherwise

Distributing paper materials or using radio/TV broadcasts [IP1G04C,I]

During the [COVID-19 disruption], did your school make the following resources available to students to support their learning?[e.g., paper materials, radio/TV broadcasts]

1 = Yes, to all students 2 = Yes, to some students 3 = No

For Ethiopia and Kenya: Yes = Respond 1 or 2 to at least one item No = otherwise

Effective teachers

Increasing the use of resources to support remote teaching [IP1G12A-E]

During the [COVID-19 disruption], how did the use of the following resources and activities change in comparison with the time before the [COVID-19 disruption]?

1 = Substantially increased 2 = Increased to some degree 3 = Did not change 4 = Decreased to some degree 5 = Substantially decreased

Coded items separately Yes = 1 or 2 No = 3, 4, or 5

Engaged learners

Teachers providing live support for students [IP1G04D-F]

During the [COVID-19 disruption], did your school make the following resources available to students to support their learning?[e.g., live virtual lessons, live virtual teaching support]

1 = Yes, to all students 2 = Yes, to some students 3 = No

Coded items separately Yes = 1 or 2 No = 3

Teachers expected to provide feedback [IP1G10A-E]

During the [COVID-19 disruption], were teachers in your school expected to provide feedback to students in the following ways? (e.g., through virtual meetings, emails, phone calls).

1 = Expected and required 2 = Expected but not required 3 = Not expected

Yes = Respond 1 or 2 to at least one item No = otherwise

Providing resources to parents/guardians to improve home support [IP1G16C,D]

During the [COVID-19 disruption], did your school provide any of the following support for [parents/guardians]? (e.g., teaching material worksheets, advice on how to help child)

1 = Yes, this was already provided before the [COVID-19 disruption] 2 = Yes, this was provided during the [COVID-19 disruption] 3 = No

Coded items separately Yes = 1 or 2 No = 3

  1. Full item wording can be found in the appendix of UNESCO & IEA (2022, p.51)