Table 3 Full model science

Student

 Male

6.648***

0.891

5.927

9.911***

13.055***

0.066***

0.008

0.058

0.098***

0.130***

(2.584)

(4.117)

(3.623)

(2.979)

(3.341)

(0.025)

(0.040)

(0.035)

(0.029)

(0.033)

 Not born in Australia

5.054*

4.400

5.134

5.673

5.621

0.050*

0.043

0.051

0.056

0.055

(2.943)

(4.386)

(3.887)

(4.060)

(4.942)

(0.029)

(0.043)

(0.038)

(0.040)

(0.049)

 Indigenous

− 46.124***

− 48.864***

− 49.103***

− 47.195***

− 42.735***

− 0.459***

− 0.486***

− 0.488***

− 0.469***

− 0.425***

(5.795)

(8.507)

(9.782)

(9.061)

(8.358)

(0.057)

(0.083)

(0.096)

(0.089)

(0.083)

 Non-English at home

− 20.794***

− 27.580***

− 24.788***

− 20.950***

− 16.531***

− 0.207***

− 0.274***

− 0.246***

− 0.208***

− 0.164***

(4.701)

(6.131)

(6.777)

(5.375)

(6.921)

(0.046)

(0.061)

(0.067)

(0.053)

(0.068)

 Grade 10 (v. 9)

25.470***

28.952***

24.344***

24.775***

25.756***

0.253***

0.288***

0.242***

0.246***

0.256***

(3.753)

(5.603)

(4.998)

(5.373)

(5.973)

(0.037)

(0.055)

(0.049)

(0.053)

(0.059)

 Grade 11 (v. 9)

50.759***

53.090***

50.208***

52.079***

53.731***

0.505***

0.528***

0.499***

0.518***

0.534***

(5.570)

(9.461)

(8.379)

(7.143)

(9.449)

(0.054)

(0.093)

(0.081)

(0.070)

(0.093)

 ESCS

17.762***

15.609***

19.844***

21.218***

19.802***

0.160***

0.140***

0.178***

0.191***

0.178***

(1.421)

(2.694)

(2.466)

(2.210)

(2.199)

(0.012)

(0.024)

(0.022)

(0.019)

(0.019)

School

 Small town (v. village)

− 0.506

3.644

5.716

− 2.549

− 5.684

− 0.005

0.036

0.056

− 0.025

− 0.056

(8.573)

(11.334)

(11.253)

(11.865)

(12.363)

(0.085)

(0.112)

(0.111)

(0.118)

(0.122)

 Town (v. village)

1.435

5.933

9.084

− 1.094

− 7.552

0.014

0.058

0.090

− 0.010

− 0.075

(8.359)

(11.471)

(10.765)

(11.754)

(13.638)

(0.083)

(0.114)

(0.107)

(0.117)

(0.135)

 City (v. village)

− 1.654

1.087

5.501

− 0.757

− 9.443

− 0.016

0.010

0.054

− 0.007

− 0.094

(8.711)

(12.039)

(11.277)

(12.176)

(13.207)

(0.086)

(0.119)

(0.112)

(0.121)

(0.131)

 Large city (v. village)

− 3.145

− 3.514

2.945

− 3.185

− 7.601

− 0.031

− 0.035

0.029

− 0.031

− 0.075

(8.179)

(11.138)

(10.801)

(11.539)

(12.685)

(0.081)

(0.111)

(0.107)

(0.114)

(0.126)

 Private school

− 5.520

− 1.337

− 3.502

− 4.706

− 8.530

− 0.054

− 0.013

− 0.034

− 0.046

− 0.084

(4.953)

(6.248)

(5.848)

(6.057)

(6.226)

(0.049)

(0.062)

(0.058)

(0.060)

(0.061)

 School size

0.006**

0.010***

0.008***

0.005

0.002

0.036**

0.056***

0.047***

0.028

0.014

(0.003)

(0.004)

(0.003)

(0.003)

(0.004)

(0.016)

(0.022)

(0.019)

(0.020)

(0.022)

 School ESCS

44.444***

46.383***

44.784***

42.591***

42.244***

0.218***

0.228***

0.220***

0.209***

0.207***

(5.603)

(7.644)

(6.207)

(7.121)

(7.266)

(0.027)

(0.037)

(0.030)

(0.034)

(0.035)

 School ESCS*Student ESCS

11.556***

17.635***

13.713***

9.343***

7.161*

0.064***

0.098***

0.076***

0.052***

0.039*

(2.450)

(3.995)

(3.288)

(3.640)

(3.716)

(0.013)

(0.022)

(0.018)

(0.020)

(0.020)

Constant

453.294***

365.080***

421.862***

479.786***

542.065***

− 0.188**

− 1.006***

− 0.465***

0.057

0.636***

(8.785)

(11.982)

(11.815)

(12.408)

(12.672)

(0.086)

(0.119)

(0.119)

(0.130)

(0.128)

R²

0.170

0.170

Pseudo-R²

0.099

0.102

0.095

0.084

0.099

0.102

0.095

0.084