An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal
 | Unstandardized | Standardized | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OLS | Quantile regression | OLS | Quantile regression | |||||||
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | Model 6 | Model 7 | Model 8 | Model 9 | Model 10 | |
 | 20th quintile | 40th quintile | 60th quintile | 80th quintile |  | 20th quintile | 40th quintile | 60th quintile | 80th quintile | |
Student | ||||||||||
 Male | − 27.635*** | − 34.329*** | − 28.075*** | − 24.523*** | − 19.545*** | − 0.254*** | − 0.315*** | − 0.258*** | − 0.225*** | − 0.179*** |
 | (2.406) | (4.495) | (3.676) | (3.239) | (3.752) | (0.022) | (0.041) | (0.033) | (0.029) | (0.034) |
 Not born in Australia | 10.283*** | 10.966*** | 13.848*** | 11.318*** | 10.210*** | 0.094*** | 0.100*** | 0.127*** | 0.104*** | 0.093*** |
 | (2.915) | (4.667) | (4.003) | (3.846) | (3.940) | (0.026) | (0.042) | (0.036) | (0.035) | (0.036) |
 Indigenous | − 44.624*** | − 45.579*** | − 47.914*** | − 47.473*** | − 40.376*** | − 0.410*** | − 0.419*** | − 0.440*** | − 0.436*** | − 0.371*** |
 | (5.702) | (10.690) | (7.717) | (8.889) | (9.038) | (0.052) | (0.098) | (0.070) | (0.082) | (0.083) |
 Non-English at home | − 26.798*** | − 36.247*** | − 30.993*** | − 23.264*** | − 20.063*** | − 0.246*** | − 0.333*** | − 0.284*** | − 0.213*** | − 0.184*** |
 | (4.201) | (6.135) | (5.924) | (5.290) | (6.253) | (0.038) | (0.056) | (0.054) | (0.048) | (0.057) |
 Grade 10 (v. 9) | 26.795*** | 29.586*** | 28.805*** | 25.495*** | 26.560*** | 0.246*** | 0.272*** | 0.264*** | 0.234*** | 0.244*** |
 | (3.746) | (5.821) | (5.407) | (5.826) | (5.735) | (0.034) | (0.053) | (0.049) | (0.053) | (0.052) |
 Grade 11 (v. 9) | 57.419*** | 60.504*** | 60.228*** | 57.477*** | 56.267*** | 0.527*** | 0.556*** | 0.553*** | 0.528*** | 0.517*** |
 | (5.151) | (7.764) | (7.073) | (8.619) | (7.506) | (0.047) | (0.071) | (0.064) | (0.079) | (0.068) |
 ESCS | 19.466*** | 17.332*** | 21.452*** | 23.132*** | 21.751*** | 0.162*** | 0.144*** | 0.178*** | 0.192*** | 0.181*** |
 | (1.526) | (2.808) | (2.031) | (2.285) | (2.245) | (0.012) | (0.023) | (0.016) | (0.019) | (0.018) |
School | ||||||||||
 Small town (v. village) | − 2.563 | − 4.246 | 3.497 | 4.755 | − 9.060 | − 0.023 | − 0.039 | 0.032 | 0.043 | − 0.083 |
 | (7.859) | (12.008) | (9.725) | (11.233) | (14.266) | (0.072) | (0.110) | (0.089) | (0.103) | (0.131) |
 Town (v. village) | 3.509 | 5.137 | 9.324 | 3.329 | − 3.732 | 0.032 | 0.047 | 0.085 | 0.030 | − 0.034 |
 | (7.259) | (10.782) | (9.047) | (10.730) | (13.206) | (0.066) | (0.099) | (0.083) | (0.098) | (0.121) |
 City (v. village) | − 0.713 | − 0.310 | 5.139 | 2.865 | − 9.794 | − 0.006 | − 0.002 | 0.047 | 0.026 | − 0.090 |
 | (7.596) | (10.526) | (8.752) | (11.125) | (13.572) | (0.069) | (0.096) | (0.080) | (0.102) | (0.124) |
 Large city (v. village) | − 0.438 | − 1.283 | 3.553 | 2.356 | − 6.324 | − 0.004 | − 0.011 | 0.032 | 0.021 | − 0.058 |
 | (7.091) | (10.009) | (8.574) | (10.952) | (13.486) | (0.065) | (0.092) | (0.078) | (0.100) | (0.124) |
 Private school | − 3.141 | − 0.362 | − 1.752 | − 4.225 | − 7.415 | − 0.028 | − 0.003 | − 0.016 | − 0.038 | − 0.068 |
 | (4.551) | (6.427) | (5.278) | (5.458) | (5.448) | (0.041) | (0.059) | (0.048) | (0.050) | (0.050) |
 School size | 0.009*** | 0.010*** | 0.008** | 0.009*** | 0.006* | 0.044*** | 0.053*** | 0.042** | 0.045*** | 0.032* |
 | (0.002) | (0.004) | (0.003) | (0.003) | (0.003) | (0.014) | (0.020) | (0.018) | (0.018) | (0.017) |
 School ESCS | 43.131*** | 47.828*** | 45.928*** | 39.898*** | 40.235*** | 0.195*** | 0.217*** | 0.208*** | 0.181*** | 0.182*** |
 | (5.326) | (7.122) | (6.095) | (6.551) | (7.164) | (0.024) | (0.032) | (0.027) | (0.029) | (0.032) |
 School ESCS*Student ESCS | 12.752*** | 15.077*** | 12.674*** | 12.063*** | 9.861*** | 0.065*** | 0.077*** | 0.065*** | 0.062*** | 0.050*** |
 | (2.353) | (3.701) | (3.501) | (3.667) | (3.845) | (0.012) | (0.019) | (0.017) | (0.018) | (0.019) |
Constant | 462.385*** | 376.312*** | 430.379*** | 486.155*** | 554.683*** | − 0.060 | − 0.820*** | − 0.345*** | 0.158 | 0.753*** |
 | (7.942) | (10.640) | (9.490) | (11.854) | (14.610) | (0.072) | (0.100) | (0.088) | (0.113) | (0.133) |
R2 | 0.191 | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.191 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Pseudo-R2 | Â | 0.116 | 0.112 | 0.103 | 0.091 | Â | 0.116 | 0.112 | 0.103 | 0.091 |