An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal
Year | Abbreviation | 2009 | 2012 | 2015 | 2018 | Dummy coding scheme | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Levels and Variables | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | ||
Country Level | ||||||||||
GDP Per Capita | GDP_PC | 28,967 | 22,535 | 34,174 | 26,038 | 29,411 | 22,506 | 29,229 | 18,877 | |
School Level | ||||||||||
PISA Index of economic, social, and cultural status | Mean ESCS | − 0.10 | 0.65 | − 0.20 | 0.71 | − 0.23 | 0.68 | − 0.15 | 0.66 | |
School type | SCHLTYPE | 1.81 | 0.40 | 1.78 | 0.41 | 1.77 | 0.42 | 1.80 | 0.40 | 1 = Private, 2 = Public |
Creative extra-curricular activities | CREACTIV | 0.28 | 0.98 | 1.76 | 1.04 | 1.85 | 1.03 | 2.03 | 1.00 | |
Shortage of educational staff | STAFFSHORT1 | − 0.09 | 0.97 | 0.00 | 1.03 | 0.04 | 1.06 | − 0.06 | 1.03 | |
Quality of educational resources | SCMATEDU | 0.06 | 0.98 | 0.00 | 1.03 | – | – | – | – | |
Shortage of educational material | EDUSHORT | – | – | – | – | 0.07 | 1.08 | 0.01 | 1.03 | |
Number of available computers per student | RATCMP12 | 0.56 | 0.40 | 0.62 | 0.77 | 0.70 | 0.68 | 0.76 | 0.93 | Ratio of computers to students |
Proportion of available computers connected to the Interneta | RATCMP23 | 0.94 | 0.18 | 0.95 | 0.18 | 0.95 | 0.17 | 0.95 | 0.17 | 0 = none online, 1 = all online |
Student Level | ||||||||||
PISA Index of economic, social, and cultural status | ESCS | − 0.06 | 1.00 | − 0.16 | 1.04 | − 0.22 | 1.03 | − 0.13 | 1.01 | |
Gender of students | GENDER | 1.49 | 0.50 | 1.49 | 0.50 | 1.49 | 0.50 | 1.49 | 0.50 | 1 = female, 2 = male |
ICT Outside School Lessons | ||||||||||
ICT available at home | ICTHOME | − 0.11 | 1.03 | − 0.08 | 1.04 | 8.06a | 2.15a | 8.05a | 2.20 | |
ICT use outside of school (leisure) | ENTUSE | − 0.04 | 1.08 | − 0.06 | 1.03 | − 0.02 | 0.98 | 0.05 | 1.06 | |
Use of ICT outside of school (for schoolwork activities) | HOMESCH | − 0.04 | 1.03 | 0.01 | 1.00 | 0.02 | 0.99 | 0.11 | 1.03 | |
ICT as a topic in social interaction | SOIAICT | – | – | – | – | 0.08 | 0.96 | 0.09 | 0.97 | |
Subject-related ICT use outside of lessons | ICTOUTSIDE | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.04 | 1.04 | |
ICT in School | ||||||||||
ICT available at school | ICTSCH | − 0.06 | 1.01 | − 0.05 | 1.02 | 5.95a | 2.38a | 6.37a | 2.44 | |
Use of ICT at school in general | USESCH | − 0.01 | 1.00 | − 0.03 | 1.00 | − 0.05 | 0.99 | 0.01 | 1.04 | |
Subject-related ICT use during lessons | ICTCLASS | – | – | – | – | – | – | − 0.06 | 1.00 | |
Attitude toward ICT | ||||||||||
Self-confidence in ICT high-level tasks | HIGHCONF | 0.02 | 1.00 | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Attitude towards computers (ATC) | ATTCOMP | 0.02 | 0.99 | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
ATC: Limitations of the Computer as a Tool for School Learning | ICTATTNEG | – | – | 0.06 | 0.99 | – | – | – | – | |
ATC: Computer as a Tool for School Learning | ICTATTPOS | – | – | 0.01 | 0.99 | – | – | – | – | |
Interest in ICT | INTICT | – | – | – | – | 0.03 | 0.98 | 0.01 | 1.00 | |
Perceived ICT competence | COMPICT | – | – | – | – | − 0.02 | 0.97 | 0.00 | 0.98 | |
Perceived autonomy related to ICT use | AUTICT | – | – | – | – | 0.01 | 0.97 | 0.00 | 0.98 | |
Student Ability (e.g., mean of all PVs) | ||||||||||
Student Mathematics Ability | PV1MATH to final PV | 494.31 | 97.80 | 497.06 | 98.87 | 499.38 | 94.95 | 492.29 | 96.19 | |
Student Science Ability | PV1SCIE to final PV | 499.25 | 96.54 | 501.01 | 94.24 | 502.96 | 94.55 | 490.32 | 95.56 |