Skip to main content

An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal

Table 5 Multilevel analysis of student-, family-, and school-level variables with mathematics achievement

From: Equity in mathematics education in Hong Kong: evidence from TIMSS 2011 to 2019

Model

Predictor

2011

2015

2019

G4

G8

G4

G8

G4

G8

Est

SE

Est

SE

Est

SE

Est

SE

Est

SE

Est

SE

1

Gender

12.34**

2.01

20.67**

1.93

11.19**

2.01

16.43**

2.28

9.20**

2.47

12.02**

2.64

2

Traditional SES (Family)

1.49

1.20

0.25

1.06

4.95**

1.03

0.78

1.04

7.22**

1.35

1.30

1.27

 

HDD SES (Family)

0.72

1.45

0.44

2.09

1.54*

0.69

2.54

1.32

1.62

1.07

0.90

1.68

3

Traditional SES (Family)

0.82

1.21

0.72

1.05

3.66**

1.02

0.24

1.00

5.35**

1.34

0.24

1.26

 

HDD SES (Family)

0.41

1.47

0.05

2.08

1.81*

0.70

2.48

1.31

2.01

1.08

0.98

1.68

 

Traditional SES (School)

20.16**

4.68

62.22**

17.98

29.88**

3.09

54.92**

12.30

29.15**

3.55

60.10**

6.29

 

HDD SES (School)

0.88

8.87

26.18

43.38

12.97*

5.22

45.06

31.83

2.27

5.70

6.92

13.40

4

School Location

2.70

7.14

18.26

13.43

16.13**

6.29

9.45

11.06

21.51**

6.12

25.37*

11.99

5

School Resources

4.02

5.37

6.08

3.49

7.30**

1.97

4.18

3.06

2.20

2.09

4.80

3.28

6

Traditional SES (Family)

0.85

1.21

0.18

1.07

3.66**

1.03

0.36

1.04

5.45**

1.36

0.52

1.27

 

HDD SES (Family)

0.67

1.46

0.03

2.12

1.86**

0.71

2.31

1.34

2.05

1.08

1.10

1.69

 

Traditional SES (School)

19.33**

4.80

60.82**

18.27

30.23**

3.65

54.61**

13.31

27.74**

3.64

58.77**

6.26

 

HDD SES (School)

1.26

9.93

26.79

45.05

13.40*

5.25

44.37

33.47

2.45

5.59

7.42

13.67

 

School Location

2.58

5.96

10.22

9.91

3.12

5.06

3.73

10.27

8.98

4.89

12.04

8.49

 

School Resources

4.43

3.95

1.94

2.67

1.38

1.42

1.74

2.61

2.21

1.21

0.98

1.91

  1. *p-values are smaller than 0.05; **p-values are smaller than 0.01. The option TYPE = IMPUTATION was implemented when running the six models in the Mplus