Equal opportunities for all? Analyzing within-country variation in school effectiveness

Large-scale Assessments in Education

An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal

Table 2 Descriptive statistics of the 13 samples

	School level Country	Books	Mathematics	Science	Lower grade				Upper grade
		Books	Mathematics	Science	Mathematics		Science		Mathematics		Science
		ICC	ICC	ICC	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD
		(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)	(9)	(10)	(11)
	Primary school
1	Norway 2015	0.065	0.078	0.079	492.76	71.76	492.85	68.96	548.25	70.49	536.96	62.72
2	Norway 1995	0.021	0.079	0.076	384.48	82.48	417.05	102.70	475.78	73.12	503.48	89.07
3	Iceland 1995	0.029	0.083	0.108	379.74	75.46	402.99	94.09	454.20	75.53	479.26	88.69
4	Cyprus 1995	0.038	0.092	0.102	394.26	91.04	385.72	80.21	466.35	90.91	440.81	80.11
5	Greece 1995	0.087	0.209	0.190	391.21	98.63	418.31	87.24	467.14	97.04	478.15	83.53
6	Scotland 1995	0.153	0.196	0.225	423.27	87.11	454.33	98.67	487.90	90.17	509.75	97.03
	Secondary school
7	Norway 2015	0.088	0.084	0.101	487.45	65.23	489.64	75.73	512.52	69.69	509.46	77.26
8	Norway 1995	0.048	0.081	0.084	466.94	68.75	476.57	75.19	495.81	76.33	511.90	75.92
9	Iceland 1995	0.037	0.080	0.098	454.84	66.67	447.34	73.75	479.29	71.71	475.45	79.08
10	Sweden 1995	0.086	0.200	0.170	515.37	69.53	525.04	74.90	545.24	74.22	558.00	80.25
11	Cyprus 1995	0.026	0.101	0.112	442.36	91.62	413.96	90.37	472.04	91.94	456.11	90.88
12	Scotland 1995	0.172	0.218	0.217	461.79	77.36	458.70	88.74	494.18	80.12	501.94	91.55
13	Slovak Rep. 1995	0.091	0.178	0.202	506.43	72.55	506.61	77.19	537.53	74.11	535.52	78.26

The columns 1‒3 contain the between-school intra-class-correlations (ICCs) of the following variables: books at home, mathematics, and science achievement. The columns 4‒11 contain the means and standard deviations of the mathematics and science scores in the lower and upper grades. These descriptive analyses used unstandardized achievement scores