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An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal

Table 6 Regressing numeracy on complexity.

From: Exploring the association between occupational complexity and numeracy

Country

\(\beta ^{\text {Mod}}_d\)

\(\beta ^{\text {High}}_d\)

\(\beta ^{\text {Mod}}_p\)

\(\beta ^{\text {High}}_p\)

\(\beta ^{\text {Mod}}_t\)

\(\beta ^{\text {High}}_t\)

\(R^2\)

Belgium

10.2*** (2.8)

19.6*** (3.2)

2.9 (2.5)

0.1 (2.6)

− 4.8* (2.6)

− 3.3 (3.3)

0.31

Czech Republic

1.8 (2.8)

8 (4.7)

1.3 (3.4)

− 4 (4.3)

− 4 (3)

− 2.4 (4.3)

0.27

Denmark

11.7*** (2.1)

19.2*** (3)

− 0.5 (2.4)

− 5** (2.4)

− 5.5** (2.1)

− 7.1*** (2.3)

0.27

France

12.1*** (1.7)

20.4*** (2.7)

4.2* (2.2)

1.4 (1.9)

− 4.3** (1.8)

− 0.6 (2.4)

0.37

Italy

5.7* (3.2)

14*** (5)

3.5 (3.8)

− 11** (4.6)

− 8** (3.7)

− 0.3 (4.3)

0.23

Japan

6.7*** (2)

12.9*** (3.4)

− 2.4 (2.3)

− 1.1 (2.4)

− 7*** (2.4)

− 4.8* (2.4)

0.25

Korea

4.3*** (1.5)

7.7*** (2.6)

3.5 (2.3)

4.7* (2.6)

− 2.9* (1.7)

− 3.2 (2.6)

0.34

Netherlands

12.5*** (3.1)

18.2*** (3.6)

0.5 (2.8)

− 0.4 (2.8)

− 6** (2.8)

− 3.6 (3.6)

0.31

Norway

16.4*** (2.4)

20.4*** (3)

8.7*** (3)

0.3 (3)

− 1.4 (2.7)

7.1** (3)

0.29

Poland

6.4** (2.7)

5.7 (3.7)

2.9 (3.3)

1.3 (2.9)

− 10.3*** (2.8)

− 2.8 (3.3)

0.22

Slovak Republic

2.9 (2.8)

6.2 (3.7)

2 (2.2)

− 1.9 (2.7)

− 4.2* (2.4)

− 0.3 (3.4)

0.17

Spain

8.1*** (2.5)

13.4*** (4)

1.7 (2.5)

0.6 (2.7)

− 5.9*** (2.1)

2.2 (2.5)

0.33

United Kingdom

16.7*** (3.2)

24.5*** (4.3)

2.7 (3.6)

2.6 (3.5)

− 3.8 (3.1)

5.4 (3.7)

0.2

  1. \(\beta ^{\text {Mod}}_d\) and \(\beta ^{\text {High}}_d\): estimate of moderate and high data complexity. \(\beta ^{\text {Mod}}_p\) and \(\beta ^{\text {High}}_p\): estimate of moderate and high people complexity. \(\beta ^{\text {Mod}}_t\) and \(\beta ^{\text {High}}_t\): estimate of moderate and high things complexity. Reference category is low complexity. Standard errors in parentheses
  2. *, **, *** refer to significance at the .1, .05, and .01 levels, respectively