Large-scale Assessments in Education

An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal

Table 13 Beta regression of student test-taking effort on expectancy-value proxies in NZL and USA

From: Student test-taking effort in low-stakes assessments: evidence from the English version of the PISA 2015 science test

Effect	NZL								USA
	Cluster 1		Cluster 2		Cluster 3		Cluster 4		Cluster 1		Cluster 2		Cluster 3		Cluster 4
	\(\widehat{b}\)	SE	\(\widehat{b}\)	SE	\(\widehat{b}\)	SE	\(\widehat{b}\)	SE	\(\widehat{b}\)	SE	\(\widehat{b}\)	SE	\(\widehat{b}\)	SE	\(\widehat{b}\)	SE
Intercept	2.91	0.06	1.93	0.07	2.28	0.06	1.72	0.06	2.58	0.15	1.99	0.07	2.35	0.04	1.86	0.03
Expectancy
Scieeff	− 0.01	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.01	0.03	0.00	0.03	− 0.02	0.02	− 0.01	0.02	− 0.03	0.02	0.01	0.02
Envaware	0.05	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.08	0.03	0.11	0.02	0.04	0.02	0.04	0.02	0.10	0.02	0.08	0.02
Value
Anxtest	0.00	0.03	− 0.02	0.03	− 0.04	0.02	− 0.04	0.03	0.05	0.04	0.04	0.05	− 0.01	0.03	− 0.05	0.03
Intbrsci	0.09	0.03	0.09	0.03	0.08	0.03	0.07	0.03	0.04	0.02	0.09	0.03	0.07	0.02	0.04	0.02
Joyscie	0.05	0.03	0.08	0.03	0.15	0.03	0.16	0.03	0.06	0.03	0.11	0.03	0.08	0.03	0.11	0.03
Scieact	− 0.06	0.02	− 0.08	0.03	− 0.13	0.03	− 0.11	0.03	− 0.03	0.03	− 0.09	0.03	− 0.09	0.03	− 0.09	0.02
Precision	16.69	0.69	6.06	0.27	10.56	0.44	6.19	0.21	7.58	0.75	6.10	0.20	10.28	0.31	7.00	0.15
Pseudo R²	0.04	0.01	0.04	0.01	0.09	0.02	0.10	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.04	0.01	0.04	0.01	0.06	0.01

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