Fig. 1

Interrelation of Educational Decisions, Learning Environment, Educational Attainment, and Labor Market Outcomes with the Development of Low Reading Proficiency (modified model following Blossfeld et al. 2019, p. 21)
Interrelation of Educational Decisions, Learning Environment, Educational Attainment, and Labor Market Outcomes with the Development of Low Reading Proficiency (modified model following Blossfeld et al. 2019, p. 21)