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Large-scale Assessments in Education

An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal

Table 1 International household possession items across survey cycles.

From: The measure of socio-economic status in PISA: a review and some suggested improvements

 

PISA 2000

PISA 2003

PISA 2006

PISA 2009

PISA 2012

PISA 2015

PISA 2018

Which of the following are in your home?a

ST21a

ST17a

ST13

ST20

ST26

ST011

ST011

A desk to study at

ST21Q07

ST17Q01

ST13Q01 (CC)

ST20Q01 (CC)

ST26Q01

ST011Q01TA

ST011Q01TA

A room of your own

ST21Q02

ST17Q02

ST13Q02 (CC)

ST20Q02 (CC)

ST26Q02

ST011Q02TA

ST011Q02TA

A quiet place to study

ST21Q06

ST17Q03

ST13Q03 (CC)

ST20Q03 (CC)

ST26Q03

ST011Q03TA

ST011Q03TA

A computer you can use for school work

N

ST17Q04

ST13Q04 (D)

ST20Q04 (CC)

ST26Q04

ST011Q04TA

ST011Q04TA

Educational software

ST21Q03

ST17Q05

ST13Q05 (CC)

ST20Q05 (CC)

ST26Q05

ST011Q05TA

ST011Q05TA

A link to the Internet

ST21Q04

ST17Q06

ST13Q06 (C)

ST20Q06 (CC)

ST26Q06

ST011Q06TA

ST011Q06TA

Classic literature (e.g. <Shakespeare>)

ST21Q09

ST17Q08

ST13Q08 (C)

ST20Q07 (CC)

ST26Q07

ST011Q07TA

ST011Q07TA

Books of poetry

ST21Q10

ST17Q09

ST13Q09 (C)

ST20Q08 (CC)

ST26Q08

ST011Q08TA

ST011Q08TA

Works of art (e.g. paintings)

ST21Q11

ST17Q10

ST13Q10 (C)

ST20Q09 (CC)

ST26Q09

ST011Q09TA

ST011Q09TA

Books to help with your school work

ST21Q08

ST17Q11

ST13Q11 (C)

ST20Q10 (CC)

ST26Q10

ST011Q10TA

ST011Q10TA

<Technical reference books>

N

N

N

ST20Q11 (CC)

ST26Q11

ST011Q11TA

ST011Q11TA

A dictionary

ST21Q05

ST17Q12

ST13Q12 (CC)

ST20Q12 (CC)

ST26Q12

ST011Q12TA

ST011Q12TA

Books on art, music, or design

N

N

N

N

N

ST011Q16NA

ST011Q16NA

Dishwasher

ST21Q01

ST17Q13

ST13Q13 (C)

ST20Q13 (CC)

ST26Q13 (C)

N

N

Your own calculator

N

ST17Q07

ST13Q07 (C)

N

N

N

N

A <DVD> player

N

N

ST13Q13 (C)b

ST20Q14 (CC)

ST26Q14 (C)

N

N

How many of these are there at your home?c

ST22c

ST18 (S)

ST14

ST21

ST27

ST012

ST012

Televisions

ST22Q02

S

ST14Q02 (CC)

ST21Q02 (CC)

ST27Q02

ST012Q01TA

ST012Q01TA

Cars

ST22Q06d

S

ST14Q04 (CC)

ST21Q04 (CC)

ST27Q04

ST012Q02TA

ST012Q02TA

Rooms with a bath or shower

ST22Q07e

S

S

ST21Q05 (CC)

ST27Q05

ST012Q03TA

ST012Q03TA

Cellular phones

ST22Q01

S

ST14Q01 (CC)

ST21Q01 (CC)

ST27Q01

N

N

<Cell phones> with internet access (e.g. smartphones)

N

N

N

N

N

ST012Q05NA

ST012Q05NA

Computers (desktop computer, portable laptop, or notebook)f

N

N

N

N

N

ST012Q06NA

ST012Q06NA

<Tablet computers> (e.g. <iPad®>, <BlackBerry® PlayBook™>)

N

N

N

N

N

ST012Q07NA

ST012Q07NA

E-book readers (e.g. <Kindle™>, <Kobo>, <Bookeen>)

N

N

N

N

N

ST012Q08NA

ST012Q08NA

Musical instruments (e.g. guitar, piano)

N

N

N

N

N

ST012Q09NA

ST012Q09NA

Musical instruments (e.g. piano, violin)

ST22Q05

N

N

N

N

N

N

Phone

ST22Q01

N

N

N

N

N

N

Calculators

ST22Q03

N

N

N

N

N

N

Computersf

ST22Q04

S

ST14Q03 (CC)

ST21Q03 (CC)

ST27Q03

N

N

  1. C: included, but treated as country-specific item in the scaling of HOMEPOS; CC: in 2006, all items were treated as country-specific, but item parameters for a subset of 10 items—those marked CC and the “books at home” item—were constrained to sum to 0 for all countries. In 2009, again, all items were treated as country-specific, but all “common items” were used to determine the country means on a common scale, and a linear transformation based on these means was applied to within-country scale scores to make them “comparable”. S: Included in the questionnaire, but suppressed in the database; D: included in the questionnaire and database, but not in the scaling of the HOMEPOS index; N: not included in the questionnaire
  2. aIn 2000, the source version for this question was “In your home, do you have…”; in 2003, the source version for this question was “Which of the following do you have in your home?” and the answer format was different from that of all other years (only a tick box for “yes” was provided, meaning that missing answers could not be distinguished from “no” answers”)
  3. bIn 2006, “A <DVD or VCR> player (and treated as country-specific in scaling)
  4. cIn 2000, the source version for the second question was “How many of these do you have at your home”. All items were in singular (“Television”, etc.)
  5. dIn 2000 and 2003, the English source version used “Motor car”
  6. eIn 2000 and 2003, the English source version used “bathroom”; translation notes specified that translations of “bathroom” should refer to a place that contains washing facilities such as a shower or bathtub
  7. fNote that this was considered a new item in 2015, when the wording was changed to include the parenthesis
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