Fig. 2
From: The measure of socio-economic status in PISA: a review and some suggested improvements
(Source: PISA 2003–2015 database)
Percentage of respondents with missing parental education component. The figure represents the median, interquartile range (shaded area) and adjacent values for country-level missing rates in PARED. Adjacent values are defined as the most extreme missing rates within 1.5 times the interquartile range from the nearest quartile. The following countries have missing rates that exceed the upper adjacent value: 2003: Canada (10.9), Germany (11.0), Luxembourg (13.1), New Zealand (11.9); 2006: Germany (6.2), United Kingdom (8.7), Israel (7.2), Luxembourg (6.8), New Zealand (7.9); 2009: Germany (13.0), United Kingdom (8.0), New Zealand (9.3), Panama (16.7); 2012: Germany (21.5), United Kingdom (7.6), Luxembourg (6.8), New Zealand (8.9); 2015: Brazil (6.6), Germany (17.5), United Kingdom (9.3), New Zealand (8.9)