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Large-scale Assessments in Education

An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal

Fig. 3 | Large-scale Assessments in Education

Fig. 3

From: DIF as a pedagogical tool: analysis of item characteristics in ICILS to understand what students are struggling with

Fig. 3

Items showing DIF for German students. Green bars show how many items there are in the aspect in total. Yellow bars show the number of items having a DIF indicating that they are easier for German students at level B (darker yellow), level ICILS (medium yellow), and level C (lighter yellow). Orange bars show the number of items being harder for German students at levels B, ICILS, and C

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