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An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal

Table 3 Overview of the analysis scheme

From: Predictors of individual performance changes related to item positions in PISA assessments

Model

2006 science

2009 reading

2012 mathematics

0

No covariates

No covariates

No covariates

1

Gender

SES

Language at home

Gender

SES

Language at home

Gender

SES

Language at home

2

Joy of science

Joy of reading

Mathematics interest

3

Joy of science

Effort

–

Mathematics interest

Effort

Perseverance