An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal
Table 3 Variance ratios, confidence intervals and heterogeneity statistics for countries in the domain of science literacy
Country | k | VR | LCI | UCI | P | Q | Q (p) | Below 1 (sig) (%) | Below 1 (nsig) (%) | Above 1 (nsig) (%) | Above 1 (sig) (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Albania | 4 | 1.10 | 1.00 | 1.20 | 0.04 | 12.90 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 25.00 | 25.00 | 50.00 |
Algeria | 3 | 0.96 | 0.92 | 1.01 | 0.09 | 0.41 | 0.81 | 0.00 | 100.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
Argentina | 6 | 1.07 | 1.02 | 1.12 | 0.01 | 6.32 | 0.28 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 50.00 | 50.00 |
Armenia | 7 | 1.08 | 1.03 | 1.13 | 0.00 | 13.97 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 14.29 | 28.57 | 57.14 |
Australia | 20 | 1.17 | 1.14 | 1.19 | 0.00 | 40.80 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 5.00 | 95.00 |
Austria | 13 | 1.12 | 1.07 | 1.16 | 0.00 | 32.55 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 7.69 | 30.77 | 61.54 |
Azerbaijan | 2 | 0.99 | 0.94 | 1.05 | 0.72 | 0.12 | 0.72 | 0.00 | 50.00 | 50.00 | 0.00 |
Bahrain | 7 | 1.45 | 1.38 | 1.52 | 0.00 | 13.03 | 0.04 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
Belgium | 21 | 1.12 | 1.10 | 1.15 | 0.00 | 29.35 | 0.08 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 28.57 | 71.43 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1 | 1.05 | 0.97 | 1.15 | 0.24 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 | 0.00 |
Botswana | 6 | 1.17 | 1.11 | 1.23 | 0.00 | 11.53 | 0.04 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
Brazil | 6 | 1.14 | 1.11 | 1.16 | 0.00 | 5.68 | 0.34 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
Bulgaria | 8 | 1.10 | 1.04 | 1.17 | 0.00 | 26.66 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 12.50 | 25.00 | 62.50 |
Canada | 33 | 1.12 | 1.10 | 1.14 | 0.00 | 95.93 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 30.30 | 69.70 |
Chile | 12 | 1.09 | 1.05 | 1.13 | 0.00 | 25.69 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 8.33 | 41.67 | 50.00 |
China | 40 | 1.17 | 1.15 | 1.20 | 0.00 | 97.08 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 17.50 | 82.50 |
αTaipei | 14 | 1.17 | 1.12 | 1.21 | 0.00 | 45.22 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 21.43 | 78.57 |
αMacao | 5 | 1.18 | 1.11 | 1.26 | 0.00 | 9.70 | 0.05 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 20.00 | 80.00 |
αHong Kong | 20 | 1.18 | 1.15 | 1.21 | 0.00 | 32.44 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 15.00 | 85.00 |
Colombia | 8 | 1.14 | 1.10 | 1.19 | 0.00 | 17.30 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 12.50 | 87.50 |
Costa Rica | 2 | 1.18 | 1.12 | 1.24 | 0.00 | 1.03 | 0.31 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
Croatia | 7 | 1.16 | 1.12 | 1.20 | 0.00 | 7.77 | 0.26 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 14.29 | 85.71 |
Cyprus | 10 | 1.18 | 1.14 | 1.23 | 0.00 | 18.01 | 0.04 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 10.00 | 90.00 |
Czech Republic | 16 | 1.08 | 1.03 | 1.12 | 0.00 | 52.46 | 0.00 | 6.25 | 0.00 | 50.00 | 43.75 |
Denmark | 12 | 1.11 | 1.07 | 1.14 | 0.00 | 14.24 | 0.22 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 33.33 | 66.67 |
Dominican Republic | 1 | 1.09 | 1.00 | 1.18 | 0.04 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
Egypt | 3 | 1.09 | 1.04 | 1.15 | 0.00 | 3.27 | 0.20 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 33.33 | 66.67 |
El Salvador | 2 | 1.01 | 0.89 | 1.13 | 0.93 | 3.81 | 0.05 | 0.00 | 50.00 | 50.00 | 0.00 |
Estonia | 5 | 1.09 | 1.01 | 1.19 | 0.03 | 20.90 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 20.00 | 20.00 | 60.00 |
Finland | 11 | 1.17 | 1.14 | 1.21 | 0.00 | 14.33 | 0.16 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 18.18 | 81.82 |
France | 9 | 1.15 | 1.10 | 1.21 | 0.00 | 23.92 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 11.11 | 0.00 | 88.89 |
Georgia | 8 | 1.19 | 1.15 | 1.22 | 0.00 | 5.94 | 0.56 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
Germany | 12 | 1.08 | 1.05 | 1.11 | 0.00 | 10.86 | 0.46 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 58.33 | 41.67 |
Ghana | 3 | 1.00 | 0.96 | 1.05 | 0.82 | 0.13 | 0.94 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 | 0.00 |
Greece | 10 | 1.16 | 1.10 | 1.23 | 0.00 | 34.58 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 20.00 | 80.00 |
Honduras | 3 | 1.05 | 0.99 | 1.10 | 0.09 | 2.29 | 0.32 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 66.67 | 33.33 |
Hungary | 20 | 1.08 | 1.06 | 1.11 | 0.00 | 29.51 | 0.06 | 0.00 | 10.00 | 50.00 | 40.00 |
Iceland | 10 | 1.18 | 1.14 | 1.22 | 0.00 | 3.82 | 0.92 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 10.00 | 90.00 |
Indonesia | 11 | 1.02 | 0.98 | 1.06 | 0.38 | 39.15 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 45.45 | 36.36 | 18.18 |
Iran | 14 | 1.14 | 1.09 | 1.18 | 0.00 | 38.53 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 21.43 | 78.57 |
Ireland | 14 | 1.15 | 1.11 | 1.18 | 0.00 | 20.91 | 0.08 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 21.43 | 78.57 |
Israel | 12 | 1.21 | 1.13 | 1.29 | 0.00 | 71.99 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 8.33 | 16.67 | 75.00 |
Italy | 16 | 1.12 | 1.07 | 1.16 | 0.00 | 103.27 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 6.25 | 43.75 | 50.00 |
Japan | 20 | 1.18 | 1.15 | 1.21 | 0.00 | 40.16 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 10.00 | 90.00 |
Jordan | 9 | 1.28 | 1.19 | 1.37 | 0.00 | 68.80 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 11.11 | 88.89 |
Kazakhstan | 9 | 1.12 | 1.09 | 1.14 | 0.00 | 6.54 | 0.59 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 11.11 | 88.89 |
Korea | 18 | 1.15 | 1.11 | 1.19 | 0.00 | 60.53 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 22.22 | 77.78 |
Kosovo | 1 | 1.12 | 1.03 | 1.21 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
Kuwait | 7 | 1.32 | 1.19 | 1.47 | 0.00 | 62.63 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
Latvia | 14 | 1.15 | 1.11 | 1.19 | 0.00 | 22.47 | 0.05 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 28.57 | 71.43 |
Lebanon | 5 | 1.09 | 1.04 | 1.15 | 0.00 | 6.92 | 0.14 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 40.00 | 60.00 |
Liechtenstein | 2 | 1.28 | 1.00 | 1.63 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.93 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 | 0.00 |
Lithuania | 16 | 1.10 | 1.07 | 1.12 | 0.00 | 20.17 | 0.17 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 43.75 | 56.25 |
Luxembourg | 6 | 1.17 | 1.13 | 1.21 | 0.00 | 4.47 | 0.48 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
Macedonia | 5 | 1.11 | 1.03 | 1.19 | 0.01 | 13.58 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 20.00 | 0.00 | 80.00 |
Malaysia | 7 | 1.14 | 1.07 | 1.20 | 0.00 | 29.36 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 28.57 | 71.43 |
Malta | 5 | 1.14 | 1.10 | 1.19 | 0.00 | 2.07 | 0.72 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 20.00 | 80.00 |
Mexico | 6 | 1.13 | 1.10 | 1.16 | 0.00 | 13.11 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
Moldova | 4 | 1.04 | 1.00 | 1.09 | 0.04 | 1.68 | 0.64 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 | 0.00 |
Mongolia | 2 | 1.02 | 0.97 | 1.09 | 0.42 | 0.00 | 0.99 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 | 0.00 |
Montenegro | 4 | 1.13 | 1.06 | 1.20 | 0.00 | 6.80 | 0.08 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 25.00 | 75.00 |
Morocco | 10 | 1.03 | 0.99 | 1.07 | 0.19 | 27.43 | 0.00 | 10.00 | 20.00 | 50.00 | 20.00 |
Netherlands | 16 | 1.05 | 1.03 | 1.08 | 0.00 | 18.79 | 0.22 | 0.00 | 6.25 | 75.00 | 18.75 |
New Zealand | 19 | 1.18 | 1.15 | 1.21 | 0.00 | 33.91 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
Norway | 19 | 1.14 | 1.10 | 1.17 | 0.00 | 35.81 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 26.32 | 73.68 |
Oman | 6 | 1.29 | 1.20 | 1.39 | 0.00 | 50.14 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
Palestine | 3 | 1.18 | 1.09 | 1.28 | 0.00 | 7.52 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
Peru | 4 | 1.01 | 0.95 | 1.07 | 0.78 | 7.01 | 0.07 | 0.00 | 25.00 | 50.00 | 25.00 |
Philippines | 3 | 1.07 | 0.98 | 1.17 | 0.15 | 9.46 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 33.33 | 33.33 | 33.33 |
Poland | 9 | 1.18 | 1.15 | 1.22 | 0.00 | 5.65 | 0.69 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
Portugal | 13 | 1.12 | 1.08 | 1.17 | 0.00 | 30.26 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 30.77 | 69.23 |
Qatar | 11 | 1.26 | 1.22 | 1.30 | 0.00 | 26.20 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
Romania | 13 | 1.07 | 1.03 | 1.11 | 0.00 | 37.19 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 23.08 | 30.77 | 46.15 |
Russia | 18 | 1.10 | 1.07 | 1.14 | 0.00 | 40.35 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 44.44 | 55.56 |
Saudi Arabia | 7 | 1.48 | 1.33 | 1.65 | 0.00 | 69.49 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
Serbia | 6 | 1.16 | 1.10 | 1.22 | 0.00 | 11.59 | 0.04 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
Singapore | 17 | 1.17 | 1.14 | 1.22 | 0.00 | 58.90 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 17.65 | 82.35 |
Slovak Republic | 13 | 1.06 | 1.03 | 1.09 | 0.00 | 18.45 | 0.10 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 53.85 | 46.15 |
Slovenia | 18 | 1.12 | 1.09 | 1.14 | 0.00 | 19.47 | 0.30 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 27.78 | 72.22 |
South Africa | 6 | 1.07 | 1.02 | 1.13 | 0.01 | 21.61 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 50.00 | 50.00 |
Spain | 64 | 1.16 | 1.14 | 1.18 | 0.00 | 76.95 | 0.11 | 0.00 | 1.56 | 34.38 | 64.06 |
Sweden | 16 | 1.10 | 1.06 | 1.13 | 0.00 | 32.81 | 0.04 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 50.00 | 50.00 |
Switzerland | 8 | 1.09 | 1.05 | 1.13 | 0.00 | 15.22 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 50.00 | 50.00 |
Syria | 3 | 1.07 | 1.02 | 1.12 | 0.01 | 1.05 | 0.59 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 66.67 | 33.33 |
Thailand | 16 | 1.15 | 1.11 | 1.20 | 0.00 | 62.09 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 18.75 | 81.25 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 2 | 1.12 | 1.06 | 1.20 | 0.00 | 1.14 | 0.29 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
Tunisia | 13 | 1.05 | 1.01 | 1.09 | 0.01 | 30.72 | 0.00 | 7.69 | 7.69 | 53.85 | 30.77 |
Turkey | 12 | 1.10 | 1.07 | 1.14 | 0.00 | 22.77 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 41.67 | 58.33 |
Ukraine | 3 | 1.20 | 1.15 | 1.27 | 0.00 | 1.68 | 0.43 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
UAE | 20 | 1.34 | 1.29 | 1.38 | 0.00 | 90.15 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
United Kingdom | 34 | 1.12 | 1.09 | 1.14 | 0.00 | 75.24 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 5.88 | 32.35 | 61.76 |
Englanda | 14 | 1.14 | 1.09 | 1.19 | 0.00 | 34.10 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 7.14 | 28.57 | 64.29 |
Scotlanda | 12 | 1.12 | 1.08 | 1.16 | 0.00 | 18.19 | 0.08 | 0.00 | 8.33 | 41.67 | 50.00 |
Northern Irelanda | 3 | 1.10 | 1.03 | 1.18 | 0.00 | 2.81 | 0.25 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 33.33 | 66.67 |
United States | 28 | 1.12 | 1.10 | 1.14 | 0.00 | 36.35 | 0.11 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 32.14 | 67.86 |
Uruguay | 5 | 1.18 | 1.14 | 1.22 | 0.00 | 0.63 | 0.96 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
Viet Nam | 2 | 1.17 | 1.00 | 1.36 | 0.05 | 7.92 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
Yemen | 6 | 1.06 | 1.03 | 1.09 | 0.00 | 1.24 | 0.94 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 83.33 | 16.67 |
Overall | 991 | 1.13 | 1.12 | 1.13 | 0.00 | 4701.03 | 0.00 | 0.30 | 3.43 | 27.75 | 68.52 |