An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal
Table 9 Logistic Regressions for Q1 Analyses
Variable | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B | Sig. | B | Sig. | B | Sig. | |
AUT | ||||||
Basic demo | ||||||
Female | 1.49 | 0.00 | 1.45 | 0.00 | 1.45 | 0.00 |
Age 25–34 | 0.35 | 0.01 | 0.39 | 0.01 | 0.44 | 0.00 |
Age 35–44 | 0.21 | 0.15 | 0.23 | 0.11 | 0.24 | 0.09 |
ParEd = below HS | 0.35 | 0.08 | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.12 | 0.56 |
ParEd = HS | 0.01 | 0.94 | − 0.02 | 0.90 | − 0.10 | 0.59 |
≤ 25 books at home | 0.23 | 0.13 | 0.02 | 0.91 | − 0.13 | 0.39 |
26–100 books at home | 0.20 | 0.17 | 0.10 | 0.48 | 0.03 | 0.83 |
Cognitive Skills | ||||||
Std. (Lit + Num) | − 0.28 | 0.00 | − 0.16 | 0.04 | ||
Education Attainment | ||||||
EDATT = below HS | 1.08 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = HS | 0.69 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = some college | 0.18 | 0.36 | ||||
Reference group | − 2.71 | 0.00 | − 2.59 | 0.00 | − 3.03 | 0.00 |
Observation | 2581 | 2581 | 2581 | |||
BEL | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic demo | ||||||
Female | 1.21 | 0.00 | 1.16 | 0.00 | 1.39 | 0.00 |
Age 25–34 | 0.58 | 0.00 | 0.77 | 0.00 | 0.76 | 0.00 |
Age 35–44 | 0.26 | 0.01 | 0.35 | 0.00 | 0.35 | 0.00 |
ParEd = below HS | 0.53 | 0.00 | 0.20 | 0.21 | − 0.10 | 0.53 |
ParEd = HS | 0.37 | 0.00 | 0.24 | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.57 |
≤ 25 books at home | 0.58 | 0.00 | 0.30 | 0.01 | 0.15 | 0.22 |
26–100 books at home | 0.07 | 0.52 | − 0.04 | 0.74 | − 0.09 | 0.42 |
Cognitive Skills | ||||||
Std. (Lit + Num) | − 0.67 | 0.00 | − 0.44 | 0.00 | ||
Education Attainment | ||||||
EDATT = below HS | 1.58 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = HS | 1.24 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = some college | 0.39 | 0.01 | ||||
Reference group | − 1.85 | 0.00 | − 1.55 | 0.00 | − 2.21 | 0.00 |
Observation | 2288 | 2288 | 2286 | |||
CAN | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic demo | ||||||
Female | 0.75 | 0.00 | 0.72 | 0.00 | 0.79 | 0.00 |
Age 25–34 | 0.41 | 0.04 | 0.46 | 0.02 | 0.46 | 0.02 |
Age 35–44 | − 0.15 | 0.45 | − 0.11 | 0.56 | − 0.08 | 0.67 |
ParEd = below HS | 0.09 | 0.67 | 0.00 | 0.99 | − 0.14 | 0.53 |
ParEd = HS | − 0.15 | 0.43 | − 0.18 | 0.35 | − 0.29 | 0.14 |
≤ 25 books at home | − 0.13 | 0.56 | − 0.25 | 0.25 | − 0.27 | 0.21 |
26–100 books at home | − 0.58 | 0.00 | − 0.63 | 0.00 | − 0.66 | 0.00 |
Cognitive Skills | ||||||
Std. (Lit + Num) | − 0.22 | 0.01 | − 0.12 | 0.19 | ||
Education Attainment | ||||||
EDATT = below HS | 0.69 | 0.05 | ||||
EDATT = HS | 0.73 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = some college | 0.45 | 0.01 | ||||
Reference group | − 3.21 | 0.00 | − 3.10 | 0.00 | − 3.46 | 0.00 |
Observation | 11,620 | 11,620 | 11,612 | |||
CZE | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic demo | ||||||
Female | 1.00 | 0.00 | 0.96 | 0.00 | 1.01 | 0.00 |
Age 25–34 | − 0.30 | 0.18 | − 0.15 | 0.54 | − 0.12 | 0.63 |
Age 35–44 | 0.10 | 0.68 | 0.16 | 0.50 | 0.17 | 0.50 |
ParEd = Below HS | 1.25 | 0.00 | 1.02 | 0.00 | 0.73 | 0.02 |
ParEd = HS | 0.62 | 0.01 | 0.50 | 0.03 | 0.28 | 0.25 |
≤ 25 books at home | 0.72 | 0.01 | 0.38 | 0.19 | 0.35 | 0.24 |
26–100 books at home | 0.50 | 0.01 | 0.38 | 0.04 | 0.30 | 0.10 |
Cognitive Skills | ||||||
Std. (Lit + Num) | − 0.38 | 0.00 | − 0.28 | 0.02 | ||
Education Attainment | ||||||
EDATT = below HS | 0.95 | 0.02 | ||||
EDATT = HS | 0.81 | 0.02 | ||||
EDATT = some college | 0.43 | 0.31 | ||||
Reference group | − 2.12 | 0.00 | − 2.01 | 0.00 | − 2.48 | 0.00 |
Observation | 2080 | 2080 | 2079 | |||
DEN | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic demo | ||||||
Female | 0.70 | 0.00 | 0.69 | 0.00 | 0.80 | 0.00 |
Age 25–34 | 0.69 | 0.00 | 0.75 | 0.00 | 0.84 | 0.00 |
Age 35–44 | 0.13 | 0.31 | 0.20 | 0.11 | 0.25 | 0.05 |
ParEd = Below HS | 0.01 | 0.96 | − 0.18 | 0.26 | − 0.38 | 0.02 |
ParEd = HS | − 0.04 | 0.80 | − 0.17 | 0.24 | − 0.28 | 0.05 |
≤ 25 books at home | 0.61 | 0.00 | 0.30 | 0.06 | 0.19 | 0.25 |
26–100 books at home | 0.29 | 0.05 | 0.13 | 0.36 | 0.05 | 0.72 |
Cognitive Skills | ||||||
Std. (Lit + Num) | − 0.62 | 0.00 | − 0.49 | 0.00 | ||
Education Attainment | ||||||
EDATT = below HS | 1.14 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = HS | 0.44 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = some college | − 0.09 | 0.51 | ||||
Reference group | − 2.34 | 0.00 | − 2.14 | 0.00 | − 2.46 | 0.00 |
Observation | 3084 | 3084 | 3082 | |||
DEU | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic demo | ||||||
Female | 1.63 | 0.00 | 1.60 | 0.00 | 1.67 | 0.00 |
Age 25–34 | 0.29 | 0.05 | 0.40 | 0.01 | 0.38 | 0.01 |
Age 35–44 | − 0.18 | 0.14 | − 0.06 | 0.65 | − 0.12 | 0.36 |
ParEd = below HS | 0.61 | 0.01 | 0.28 | 0.23 | − 0.02 | 0.92 |
ParEd = HS | 0.16 | 0.14 | 0.06 | 0.58 | − 0.15 | 0.18 |
≤ 25 books at home | 0.53 | 0.00 | 0.17 | 0.33 | 0.01 | 0.94 |
26–100 books at home | 0.18 | 0.14 | 0.01 | 0.92 | − 0.10 | 0.45 |
Cognitive Skills | ||||||
Std. (Lit + Num) | − 0.51 | 0.00 | − 0.31 | 0.00 | ||
Education Attainment | ||||||
EDATT = below HS | 1.82 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = HS | 1.13 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = some college | 0.69 | 0.00 | ||||
Reference group | − 2.39 | 0.00 | − 2.24 | 0.00 | − 2.91 | 0.00 |
Observation | 2487 | 2487 | 2487 | |||
ESP | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic demo | ||||||
Female | 1.28 | 0.00 | 1.23 | 0.00 | 1.51 | 0.00 |
Age 25–34 | 0.67 | 0.00 | 0.68 | 0.00 | 0.64 | 0.00 |
Age 35–44 | 0.27 | 0.04 | 0.33 | 0.01 | 0.34 | 0.01 |
ParEd = below HS | 0.09 | 0.56 | − 0.04 | 0.82 | − 0.44 | 0.01 |
ParEd = HS | − 0.35 | 0.06 | − 0.43 | 0.03 | − 0.68 | 0.00 |
≤ 25 books at home | 0.99 | 0.00 | 0.69 | 0.00 | 0.45 | 0.00 |
26–100 books at home | 0.41 | 0.01 | 0.31 | 0.03 | 0.23 | 0.11 |
Cognitive Skills | ||||||
Std. (Lit + Num) | − 0.45 | 0.00 | − 0.20 | 0.01 | ||
Education Attainment | ||||||
EDATT = below HS | 1.62 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = HS | 1.31 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = some college | 0.97 | 0.00 | ||||
Reference group | − 2.24 | 0.00 | − 1.93 | 0.00 | − 2.69 | 0.00 |
Observation | 2235 | 2235 | 2234 | |||
EST | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic demo | ||||||
Female | 0.83 | 0.00 | 0.82 | 0.00 | 0.96 | 0.00 |
Age 25–34 | − 0.47 | 0.00 | − 0.41 | 0.00 | − 0.53 | 0.00 |
Age 35–44 | −0.18 | 0.12 | − 0.18 | 0.12 | − 0.26 | 0.03 |
ParEd = below HS | 0.47 | 0.00 | 0.36 | 0.01 | 0.14 | 0.33 |
ParEd = HS | 0.07 | 0.62 | − 0.01 | 0.94 | − 0.13 | 0.35 |
≤ 25 Books at home | 0.42 | 0.01 | 0.17 | 0.34 | 0.07 | 0.68 |
26–100 books at home | 0.10 | 0.42 | − 0.06 | 0.65 | − 0.12 | 0.35 |
Cognitive Skills | ||||||
Std. (Lit + Num) | − 0.34 | 0.00 | − 0.20 | 0.00 | ||
Education Attainment | ||||||
EDATT = below HS | 1.19 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = HS | 0.93 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = some college | 0.58 | 0.00 | ||||
Reference group | − 1.83 | 0.00 | − 1.71 | 0.00 | − 2.24 | 0.00 |
Observation | 2956 | 2956 | 2955 | |||
FIN | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic demo | ||||||
Female | 1.10 | 0.00 | 1.13 | 0.00 | 1.49 | 0.00 |
Age 25–34 | 0.80 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00 | 1.02 | 0.00 |
Age 35–44 | 0.19 | 0.15 | 0.26 | 0.04 | 0.32 | 0.01 |
ParEd = below HS | 0.09 | 0.53 | − 0.09 | 0.57 | − 0.33 | 0.04 |
ParEd = HS | 0.02 | 0.89 | − 0.12 | 0.39 | − 0.33 | 0.03 |
≤ 25 books at home | 0.83 | 0.00 | 0.53 | 0.00 | 0.37 | 0.02 |
26–100 books at home | 0.29 | 0.00 | 0.17 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.56 |
Cognitive Skills | ||||||
Std. (Lit + Num) | − 0.57 | 0.00 | − 0.36 | 0.00 | ||
Education Attainment | ||||||
EDATT = below HS | 1.64 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = HS | 1.53 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = some college | 0.68 | 0.00 | ||||
Reference group | − 1.89 | 0.00 | − 1.79 | 0.00 | − 2.64 | 0.00 |
Observation | 2528 | 2528 | 2528 | |||
FRA | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic demo | ||||||
Female | 1.04 | 0.00 | 1.04 | 0.00 | 1.11 | 0.00 |
Age 25–34 | − 0.17 | 0.33 | 0.00 | 0.99 | 0.06 | 0.73 |
Age 35–44 | 0.03 | 0.83 | 0.10 | 0.47 | 0.16 | 0.22 |
ParEd = below HS | 0.32 | 0.10 | 0.06 | 0.76 | − 0.12 | 0.57 |
ParEd = HS | 0.27 | 0.19 | 0.13 | 0.53 | 0.01 | 0.94 |
≤ 25 books at home | 0.46 | 0.00 | 0.12 | 0.47 | 0.01 | 0.96 |
26–100 books at home | − 0.06 | 0.65 | − 0.16 | 0.28 | − 0.21 | 0.16 |
Cognitive Skills | ||||||
Std. (Lit + Num) | − 0.52 | 0.00 | − 0.39 | 0.00 | ||
Education Attainment | ||||||
EDATT = below HS | 0.89 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = HS | 0.58 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = some college | 0.09 | 0.63 | ||||
Reference group | − 2.98 | 0.00 | − 2.76 | 0.00 | − 3.10 | 0.00 |
Observation | 2610 | 2610 | 2609 | |||
GBR | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic demo | ||||||
Female | 1.48 | 0.00 | 1.44 | 0.00 | 1.49 | 0.00 |
Age 25–34 | 0.57 | 0.00 | 0.59 | 0.00 | 0.69 | 0.00 |
Age 35–44 | 0.44 | 0.01 | 0.50 | 0.00 | 0.56 | 0.00 |
ParEd = below HS | 0.70 | 0.00 | 0.39 | 0.05 | 0.16 | 0.46 |
ParEd = HS | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.09 | 0.63 | − 0.08 | 0.71 |
≤ 25 books at home | 0.48 | 0.02 | 0.16 | 0.44 | 0.12 | 0.55 |
26–100 books at home | 0.27 | 0.13 | 0.16 | 0.38 | 0.11 | 0.56 |
Cognitive Skills | ||||||
Std. (Lit + Num) | − 0.52 | 0.00 | − 0.43 | 0.00 | ||
Education Attainment | ||||||
EDATT = Below HS | 0.97 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = HS | 0.56 | 0.01 | ||||
EDATT = some college | 0.40 | 0.13 | ||||
Reference group | − 3.02 | 0.00 | − 2.70 | 0.00 | − 3.05 | 0.00 |
Observation | 3485 | 3485 | 3476 | |||
IRL | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic demo | ||||||
Female | 0.95 | 0.00 | 0.90 | 0.00 | 1.09 | 0.00 |
Age 25–34 | − 0.24 | 0.17 | − 0.17 | 0.31 | 0.00 | 0.99 |
Age 35–44 | − 0.05 | 0.73 | 0.02 | 0.92 | 0.10 | 0.54 |
ParEd = Below HS | 0.52 | 0.02 | 0.34 | 0.14 | 0.03 | 0.90 |
ParEd = HS | 0.14 | 0.53 | 0.05 | 0.80 | − 0.09 | 0.66 |
≤ 25 books at home | 0.56 | 0.01 | 0.27 | 0.22 | 0.06 | 0.79 |
26–100 books at home | − 0.10 | 0.58 | − 0.17 | 0.36 | − 0.25 | 0.17 |
Cognitive Skills | ||||||
Std. (Lit + Num) | − 0.52 | 0.00 | − 0.33 | 0.00 | ||
Education Attainment | ||||||
EDATT = below HS | 1.85 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = HS | 0.87 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = some college | 1.04 | 0.00 | ||||
Reference group | − 2.49 | 0.00 | − 2.28 | 0.00 | − 3.11 | 0.00 |
Observation | 2506 | 2506 | 2506 | |||
ITA | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic demo | ||||||
Female | 0.94 | 0.00 | 0.94 | 0.00 | 1.05 | 0.00 |
Age 25–34 | 0.52 | 0.00 | 0.59 | 0.00 | 0.68 | 0.00 |
Age 35–44 | − 0.04 | 0.81 | − 0.02 | 0.89 | 0.00 | 0.99 |
ParEd = below HS | 0.36 | 0.26 | 0.16 | 0.63 | − 0.08 | 0.80 |
ParEd = HS | − 0.24 | 0.48 | − 0.30 | 0.40 | − 0.40 | 0.25 |
≤ 25 books at home | 0.25 | 0.21 | − 0.10 | 0.60 | − 0.27 | 0.18 |
26–100 books at home | − 0.02 | 0.91 | − 0.17 | 0.40 | − 0.23 | 0.27 |
Cognitive Skills | ||||||
Std. (Lit + Num) | − 0.46 | 0.00 | − 0.38 | 0.00 | ||
Education Attainment | ||||||
EDATT = below HS | 0.84 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = HS | 0.31 | 0.11 | ||||
EDATT = some college | 0.05 | 0.93 | ||||
Reference group | − 2.08 | 0.00 | − 1.78 | 0.00 | − 2.05 | 0.00 |
Observation | 1952 | 1952 | 1952 | |||
JPN | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic demo | ||||||
Female | 2.40 | 0.00 | 2.38 | 0.00 | 2.40 | 0.00 |
Age 25–34 | 0.21 | 0.15 | 0.30 | 0.03 | 0.30 | 0.05 |
Age 35–44 | − 0.08 | 0.49 | − 0.03 | 0.80 | − 0.09 | 0.46 |
ParEd = below HS | 0.44 | 0.01 | 0.33 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.84 |
ParEd = HS | 0.35 | 0.01 | 0.28 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.53 |
≤ 25 Books at Home | 0.56 | 0.00 | 0.30 | 0.03 | 0.13 | 0.34 |
26–100 books at home | 0.26 | 0.03 | 0.14 | 0.25 | 0.04 | 0.74 |
Cognitive Skills | ||||||
Std. (Lit + Num) | − 0.44 | 0.00 | − 0.28 | 0.00 | ||
Education Attainment | ||||||
EDATT = below HS | 1.43 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = HS | 1.08 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = some college | 0.75 | 0.00 | ||||
Reference group | − 2.45 | 0.00 | − 2.30 | 0.00 | − 2.77 | 0.00 |
Observation | 2358 | 2358 | 2357 | |||
KOR | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic demo | ||||||
Female | 1.77 | 0.00 | 1.74 | 0.00 | 1.72 | 0.00 |
Age 25–34 | − 0.46 | 0.00 | − 0.28 | 0.03 | − 0.12 | 0.41 |
Age 35–44 | − 0.43 | 0.00 | − 0.31 | 0.01 | − 0.23 | 0.06 |
ParEd = Below HS | 0.41 | 0.00 | 0.28 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.82 |
ParEd = HS | 0.29 | 0.05 | 0.22 | 0.14 | 0.07 | 0.66 |
≤ 25 books at home | 0.41 | 0.00 | 0.21 | 0.13 | 0.00 | 0.97 |
26–100 books at home | 0.05 | 0.69 | − 0.05 | 0.72 | − 0.10 | 0.42 |
Cognitive Skills | ||||||
Std. (Lit + Num) | − 0.36 | 0.00 | − 0.22 | 0.00 | ||
Education Attainment | ||||||
EDATT = Below HS | 1.29 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = HS | 0.97 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = some college | 0.42 | 0.01 | ||||
Reference group | − 2.10 | 0.00 | − 1.99 | 0.00 | − 2.43 | 0.00 |
Observation | 3208 | 3208 | 3208 | |||
NLD | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic demo | ||||||
Female | 1.88 | 0.00 | 1.82 | 0.00 | 1.88 | 0.00 |
Age 25–34 | 0.07 | 0.69 | 0.19 | 0.31 | 0.24 | 0.20 |
Age 35–44 | 0.10 | 0.52 | 0.18 | 0.26 | 0.21 | 0.19 |
ParEd = Below HS | 0.17 | 0.40 | 0.02 | 0.91 | − 0.16 | 0.49 |
ParEd = HS | 0.03 | 0.90 | − 0.06 | 0.80 | − 0.13 | 0.56 |
≤ 25 books at home | 0.56 | 0.00 | 0.25 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.36 |
26–100 books at home | 0.41 | 0.01 | 0.30 | 0.06 | 0.28 | 0.09 |
Cognitive Skills | ||||||
Std. (Lit + Num) | − 0.47 | 0.00 | − 0.29 | 0.00 | ||
Education Attainment | ||||||
EDATT = below HS | 1.08 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = HS | 0.50 | 0.03 | ||||
EDATT = some college | − 0.37 | 0.41 | ||||
Reference group | − 3.59 | 0.00 | − 3.44 | 0.00 | − 3.82 | 0.00 |
Observation | 2376 | 2376 | 2375 | |||
NOR | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic demo | ||||||
Female | 1.31 | 0.00 | 1.30 | 0.00 | 1.53 | 0.00 |
Age 25–34 | 0.76 | 0.00 | 0.74 | 0.00 | 0.85 | 0.00 |
Age 35–44 | 0.12 | 0.34 | 0.14 | 0.27 | 0.26 | 0.05 |
ParEd = below HS | 0.33 | 0.03 | 0.09 | 0.59 | − 0.14 | 0.42 |
ParEd = HS | 0.07 | 0.60 | − 0.04 | 0.78 | − 0.19 | 0.17 |
≤ 25 books at home | 1.04 | 0.00 | 0.56 | 0.00 | 0.45 | 0.00 |
26–100 books at home | 0.38 | 0.00 | 0.18 | 0.13 | 0.05 | 0.67 |
Cognitive Skills | ||||||
Std. (Lit + Num) | − 0.60 | 0.00 | − 0.45 | 0.00 | ||
Education Attainment | ||||||
EDATT = below HS | 1.57 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = HS | 1.15 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = some college | 1.01 | 0.00 | ||||
Reference group | − 2.62 | 0.00 | − 2.45 | 0.00 | − 3.28 | 0.00 |
Observation | 2617 | 2617 | 2616 | |||
POL | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic demo | ||||||
Female | 0.71 | 0.00 | 0.76 | 0.00 | 1.04 | 0.00 |
Age 25–34 | 0.26 | 0.11 | 0.35 | 0.04 | 0.55 | 0.00 |
Age 35–44 | 0.14 | 0.42 | 0.16 | 0.36 | 0.22 | 0.21 |
ParEd = below HS | 0.73 | 0.00 | 0.62 | 0.02 | 0.13 | 0.64 |
ParEd = HS | 0.42 | 0.04 | 0.34 | 0.11 | − 0.05 | 0.85 |
≤ 25 books at home | 1.10 | 0.00 | 0.79 | 0.00 | 0.39 | 0.01 |
26–100 books at home | 0.51 | 0.00 | 0.33 | 0.04 | 0.14 | 0.40 |
Cognitive Skills | ||||||
Std. (Lit + Num) | − 0.47 | 0.00 | − 0.29 | 0.00 | ||
Education Attainment | ||||||
EDATT = below HS | 2.17 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = HS | 1.45 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = some college | 1.13 | 0.00 | ||||
Reference group | − 2.53 | 0.00 | − 2.38 | 0.00 | − 3.07 | 0.00 |
Observation | 2351 | 2351 | 2351 | |||
SVK | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic demo | ||||||
Female | 1.20 | 0.00 | 1.20 | 0.00 | 1.32 | 0.00 |
Age 25–34 | 0.11 | 0.37 | 0.11 | 0.37 | 0.14 | 0.28 |
Age 35–44 | 0.03 | 0.82 | 0.05 | 0.66 | 0.05 | 0.67 |
ParEd = below HS | 1.61 | 0.00 | 1.43 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00 |
ParEd = HS | 0.94 | 0.00 | 0.87 | 0.00 | 0.55 | 0.00 |
≤ 25 books at home | 0.74 | 0.00 | 0.50 | 0.00 | 0.26 | 0.15 |
26–100 books at home | 0.39 | 0.00 | 0.29 | 0.01 | 0.15 | 0.21 |
Cognitive Skills | ||||||
Std. (Lit + Num) | − 0.39 | 0.00 | − 0.27 | 0.00 | ||
Education Attainment | ||||||
EDATT = below HS | 1.97 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = HS (or some college) | 1.03 | 0.00 | ||||
Reference group | − 1.48 | 0.00 | − 1.22 | 0.00 | − 1.70 | 0.00 |
Observation | 2224 | 2224 | 2224 | |||
SWE | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic demo | ||||||
Female | 0.76 | 0.00 | 0.74 | 0.00 | 0.85 | 0.00 |
Age 25–34 | 0.83 | 0.00 | 0.86 | 0.00 | 0.91 | 0.00 |
Age 35–44 | 0.29 | 0.18 | 0.32 | 0.15 | 0.36 | 0.10 |
ParEd = below HS | 0.06 | 0.74 | − 0.03 | 0.86 | − 0.17 | 0.37 |
ParEd = HS | − 0.31 | 0.15 | − 0.34 | 0.11 | − 0.48 | 0.03 |
≤ 25 books at home | 0.52 | 0.04 | 0.18 | 0.50 | 0.18 | 0.48 |
26–100 books at home | − 0.21 | 0.26 | − 0.41 | 0.03 | − 0.44 | 0.02 |
Cognitive Skills | ||||||
Std. (Lit + Num) | − 0.39 | 0.00 | − 0.31 | 0.00 | ||
Education Attainment | ||||||
EDATT = below HS | 0.73 | 0.01 | ||||
EDATT = HS | 0.88 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = some college | 0.97 | 0.00 | ||||
Reference group | − 2.84 | 0.00 | − 2.70 | 0.00 | − 3.37 | 0.00 |
Observation | 2107 | 2107 | 2107 | |||
USA | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic demo | ||||||
Female | 0.72 | 0.00 | 0.69 | 0.00 | 0.81 | 0.00 |
Age 25–34 | 0.16 | 0.35 | 0.15 | 0.38 | 0.13 | 0.47 |
Age 35–44 | − 0.01 | 0.95 | 0.00 | 0.99 | 0.00 | 0.99 |
ParEd = below HS | 0.75 | 0.00 | 0.44 | 0.05 | 0.24 | 0.29 |
ParEd = HS | 0.37 | 0.02 | 0.30 | 0.08 | 0.12 | 0.52 |
≤ 25 books at home | − 0.05 | 0.82 | − 0.28 | 0.24 | − 0.49 | 0.03 |
26–100 books at home | − 0.09 | 0.66 | − 0.18 | 0.40 | − 0.29 | 0.20 |
Cognitive Skills | ||||||
Std. (Lit + Num) | − 0.35 | 0.00 | − 0.13 | 0.27 | ||
Education Attainment | ||||||
EDATT = below HS | 1.71 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = HS | 1.42 | 0.00 | ||||
EDATT = some college | 1.35 | 0.00 | ||||
Reference group | − 2.69 | 0.00 | − 2.50 | 0.00 | − 3.40 | 0.00 |
Observation | 2162 | 2162 | 2162 | |||