Fig. 1
From: Performance decline in low-stakes educational assessments: different mixture modeling approaches
Estimates of item parameters across models. For the mixture PD models, the displayed item parameters are those of the no-decline class. 2PLM: multi-group 2PL model; 2PDM: multi-group two-class performance decline model; HYBRID: multi-group HYBRID model; MPDM: multi-group multi-class performance decline model