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Large-scale Assessments in Education

An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal

Fig. 2 | Large-scale Assessments in Education

Fig. 2

From: Beyond the mean estimate: a quantile regression analysis of inequalities in educational outcomes using INVALSI survey data

Fig. 2

Reading comprehension and mathematics achievement for fifth-graders according to the level of socio-economic status. The ESCS index has been divided into three levels: disadvantaged students, those with ESCS value in the range (−2.79, −1.1], students with average socio-economic status in the class (−1.1, 0.583] and advantaged students with ESCS value in the range (0.583, 2.27]. The vertical dotted lines represent the group averages

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