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An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal

Table 1 Items of the home resources for learning scale (fourth grade) and percentage of yes responses overall countries (n = 138,103)

From: Assuming measurement invariance of background indicators in international comparative educational achievement studies: a challenge for the interpretation of achievement differences

Item

Response option

% yes

SE

Number of books in the home (students)

0–10

17.1

0.24

11–25

25.9

0.21

26–100

31.5

0.20

101–200

14.0

0.15

More than 200

11.5

0.17

Number of home study supports (students)

None

12.8

0.18

Internet connection or own room

36.9

0.19

Both

50.3

0.23

Number of children’s books in the home (parents)

0–10

24.2

0.20

11–25

21.9

0.17

26–50

24.7

0.16

51–100

17.4

0.14

More than 100

11.9

0.14

Highest level of education of either parent (parents)

Finished some primary or lower secondary or did not go to school

7.9

0.18

Finished lower secondary

13.6

0.17

Finished upper secondary

31.4

0.22

Finished post-secondary education

19.1

0.16

Finished university or higher

28.0

0.28

Highest level of occupation of either parent (parents)

Has never worked outside home for pay, general laborer, or semi-professional (skilled agricultural or fishery worker, craft or trade worker, plant or machine operator)

27.7

0.21

Clerical (clerk or service or sales worker)

25.8

0.16

Small business owner

13.1

0.14

Professional (corporate manager or senior official, professional, or technician or associate professional)

33.4

0.23