A structural equation modeling approach for examining position effects in large-scale assessments

Large-scale Assessments in Education

An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal

Table 7 Summary of the items with linear position effects in the simulation study

Position in form 1	Position in form 2	Change in position	Position effect per one position	Total position effect	Item difficulty in form 1	Item difficulty in form 2
1	41	40	−.01	−.4	−0.99	−0.59
2	27	25	−.01	−.25	−0.98	−0.73
3	13	10	−.01	−.1	−0.97	−0.87
4	44	40	−.02	−.8	−0.92	−0.12
5	30	25	−.02	−.5	−0.90	−0.40
6	26	10	−.02	−.2	−0.88	−0.68