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An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal

Table 8 PIRLSvariables included in the standard and the country-specific models (5 countries)

From: Evaluating the risk of nonresponse bias in educational large-scale assessments with school nonresponse questionnaires: a theoretical study

Name

Label

Variables used in standard model

Variables used in country-specific models

Belgium (French)

England

Netherlands

Northern Ireland

Norway

ACBG02

What is the total enrollment of <fourth-grade> students in your school as of <first day of month PIRLS/TIMSS testing begins, 2010/2011>?

 

X

    

ACBG03A

Approximately what percentages of students in your school have the following backgrounds? (Come from economically affluent homes)

X

 

X

 

X

 

ACBG03B

Approximately what percentages of students in your school have the following backgrounds? (Come from economically disadvantaged homes)

X

X

X

   

ACBG04

Approximately what percentages of students in your school have <language of test> as their native language?

 

X

    

ACBG05A

How many people live in the city, town, or area where your school is located?

X

  

X

  

ACBG05C

Which best characterizes the average income level of the school’s immediate area?

X

  

X

  

ACBG06A

How many days per year is your school open for instruction?

  

X

 

X

 

ACBG06BA

What is the total instructional time, excluding breaks, in a typical day?

   

X

  

ACBG09B

Approximately how many titles of magazines and other periodicals does your school library have?

    

X

 

ACBG10AD

How much is your school’s capacity to provide instruction affected by a shortage or inadequacy of the following? (General School Resources: Heating/cooling and lighting systems)

 

X

    

ACBG10AF

How much is your school’s capacity to provide instruction affected by a shortage or inadequacy of the following? (General School Resources: Technologically competent staff)

     

X

ACBG10AG

How much is your school’s capacity to provide instruction affected by a shortage or inadequacy of the following? (General School Resources: Computers for instruction)

     

X

ACBG10BD

How much is your school’s capacity to provide instruction affected by a shortage or inadequacy of the following? (Audio-visual resources for reading instruction)

  

X

   

ACBG10CA

How much is your school’s capacity to provide instruction affected by a shortage or inadequacy of the following? (Teachers with a specialization in mathematics)

     

X

ACBG10CB

How much is your school’s capacity to provide instruction affected by a shortage or inadequacy of the following? (Computer software for mathematics instruction)

    

X

 

ACBG10CC

How much is your school’s capacity to provide instruction affected by a shortage or inadequacy of the following? (Library materials relevant to mathematics instruction)

 

X

    

ACBG10CE

How much is your school’s capacity to provide instruction affected by a shortage or inadequacy of the following? (Calculators for mathematics instruction)

    

X

 

ACBG10DA

How much is your school’s capacity to provide instruction affected by a shortage or inadequacy of the following? (Teachers with a specialization in science)

   

X

  

ACBG11AA

How often does your school do the following for parents concerning individual students? (Inform parents about their child’s learning progress)

   

X

 

X

ACBG11AB

How often does your school do the following for parents concerning individual students? (Inform parents about the behavior and well-being of their child at school)

  

X

   

ACBG11AC

How often does your school do the following for parents concerning individual students? (Discuss parents’ concerns or wishes about their child’s learning)

  

X

   

ACBG11BA

How often does your school ask parents to do the following? (Volunteer for school projects, programs, and trips)

  

X

 

X

 

ACBG11BB

How often does your school ask parents to do the following? (Serve on school committees)

 

X

    

ACBG11CB

How often does your school do the following for parents in general? (Inform parents about school accomplishments (e.g., tournament results, facility improvements))

 

X

   

X

ACBG11CC

How often does your school do the following for parents in general? (Inform parents about the educational goals and pedagogic principles of the school)

  

X

   

ACBG12B

How would you characterize each of the following within your school? (Teachers’ understanding of the school’s curricular goals)

    

X

 

ACBG12D

How would you characterize each of the following within your school? (Teachers’ expectations for student achievement)

X

     

ACBG12E

How would you characterize each of the following within your school? (Parental support for student achievement)

X

     

ACBG12F

How would you characterize each of the following within your school? (Parental involvement in school activities)

X

     

ACBG12G

How would you characterize each of the following within your school? (Students’ regard for school property)

    

X

X

ACBG12H

How would you characterize each of the following within your school? (Students’ desire to do well at school)

X

X

   

X

ACBG13AA

To what degree is each of the following a problem among <fourth-grade> students in your school? (Arriving late at school)

   

X

  

ACBG13AB

To what degree is each of the following a problem among <fourth-grade> students in your school? (Unjustified absenteeism)

X

     

ACBG13AC

To what degree is each of the following a problem among <fourth-grade> students in your school? (Classroom disturbance)

    

X

 

ACBG13AJ

To what degree is each of the following a problem among <fourth-grade> students in your school? (Intimidation or verbal abuse of teachers or staff (including texting, emailing, etc.))

 

X

    

ACBG13BB

To what degree is each of the following a problem among teachers in your school? (Absenteeism)

   

X

  

ACBG14A

In your school, are any of the following used to evaluate the practice of <fourth-grade> teachers? (Observations by the principal or senior staff)

    

X

X

ACBG14C

In your school, are any of the following used to evaluate the practice of <fourth-grade> teachers? (Student achievement)

   

X

  

ACBG15C

During the past year, approximately how much time have you spent on the following school leadership activities in your role as a school principal? (Monitoring teachers’ implementation of the school’s educational goals in their teaching)

     

X

ACBG15D

During the past year, approximately how much time have you spent on the following school leadership activities in your role as a school principal? (Monitoring students’ learning progress to ensure that the school’s educational goals are reached)

  

X

   

ACBG15G

During the past year, approximately how much time have you spent on the following school leadership activities in your role as a school principal? (Addressing disruptive student behavior)

   

X

  

ACBG15H

During the past year, approximately how much time have you spent on the following school leadership activities in your role as a school principal? (Creating a climate of trust among teachers)

   

X

 

X

ACBG15K

During the past year, approximately how much time have you spent on the following school leadership activities in your role as a school principal? (Visiting other schools or attending educational conferences for new ideas)

  

X

X

  

ACBG16A

About how many of the students in your school can do the following when they begin primary/elementary school? (Recognize most of the letters of the alphabet)

X

     

ACBG16B

About how many of the students in your school can do the following when they begin primary/elementary school? (Read some words)

X

     

ACBG17G

At which grade do the following reading skills and strategies first receive a major emphasis in instruction in your school? (Identifying the main idea of a text)

 

X

    

ACBG17N

At which grade do the following reading skills and strategies first receive a major emphasis in instruction in your school? (Determining the author’s perspective or intention)

    

X

 

ACBG18C

Compared with other areas of the curriculum (e.g., mathematics and science), how much emphasis does your school place on teaching the following language and literacy skills to students in <grades 1–4>? (Speaking/listening (oral language)

     

X

ACBG19

For students in <fourth grade> and below, does your school make provisions for reading instruction in mother tongue for students whose mother tongue is not <language of test>?

 

X

X