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An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal

Table 1 ICILS 2013 indicators used and coding

From: School-level predictors for the use of ICT in schools and students’ CIL in international comparison

Construct

Item description and coding in ICILS 2013

ICT-equipment (data from the technical part of the school questionnaire)

Student-computer-ratio

Ratio of school size and number of computers available for students (the lower the value, the more favorable the ICT equipment)

Lack of hardware

ICT use hindered in teaching and learning—lack of hardware (the lower the value the more ICT use is hindered)

Example: Too few computers connected to the Internet

Technical support

Who provides regular technical ICT support for teachers? Myself (IT coordinator) (0 = no, 1 = yes)

Pedagogical support

Who provides regular pedagogical ICT support for teachers? Myself (IT coordinator) (0 = no, 1 = yes)

Professional development of teaching staff (data from school questionnaire)

Participation in courses on the use of ICT

Management of ICT/Professional development/Participating in courses on the use of ICT in teaching (0 = None or almost none or some, 1 = many or almost all)

Cooperation concerning ICT in teaching

Management of ICT/Professional development/Participating in a (community of practice) concerned with ICT in teaching (0 = None or almost none, 1 = some, many or almost all)

School goals (data from school questionnaire)

Importance of ICT use to develop students’ skills

ICT and teaching/importance of ICT use/developing students’ understanding and skills (0 = not or somewhat important, 1 = very important)

Views/self-efficacy/age of teaching staff (aggregated data from teacher questionnaire)

Positive views on ICT

Positive views on using ICT in teaching and learning (scaled index, M = 50, SD = 10)

Example: Enables students to access better sources of information

Self-efficacy in ICT

ICT self-efficacy (scaled index, M = 50, SD = 10)

Example: How well can you do each of these tasks on a computer?—Change the settings on your computer to improve the way it operates or to fix problems

Approximate age

Approximate age of teacher

Computer use for teaching (aggregated data from teacher questionnaire at school level)

Frequency of ICT use for teaching

Your use of ICT/How often do you use a computer in these settings?/At school when teaching (1 = never to 5 = every day)

Students’ computer and information literacy (competence test)

CIL scale

Five plausible values (latent construct)