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An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal

Table 6 Percent significant residuals under different unidimensional models

From: Assessment of fit of item response theory models used in large-scale educational survey assessments

Residual

Model

LTT math age 9

Reading grade 12

Math grade 8

Science grade 12

Item-fit residual

1PL/PCM

67

43

75

47

2PL/GPCM

40

26

64

33

C3PL/GPCM

35

27

64

28

3PL/GPCM

28

29

64

33

First-order marginal

1PL/PCM

0

0

0

0

2PL/GPCM

0

0

0

0

C3PL/GPCM

29

5

0

19

3PL/GPCM

0

0

0

0

Second-order marginal

1PL/PCM

47

15

27

18

2PL/GPCM

31

13

19

15

C3PL/GPCM

31

13

19

15

3PL/GPCM

31

14

19

15