Table 2 ANOVA effect size table for bias in subpopulation

d(X₁, θ*) × d(X₂, θ*)

d(X₁, θ*)

${\beta }_1^{*}\times m\left(X_1\right)$

${\beta }_2^{*}\times d\left(X_1,{\theta }^{*}\right)$

${\beta }_1^{*}\times m\left(X_1\right)\times d\left(X_2,{\theta }^{*}\right)$

m(X₁) × m(X₂)

${\beta }_2^{*}\times d\left(X_1,{\theta }^{*}\right)\times d\left(X_2,{\theta }^{*}\right)$

${\beta }_2^{*}\times m\left(X_1\right)\times d\left(X_1,{\theta }^{*}\right)$

${\beta }_2^{*}\times m\left(X_2\right)$

${\beta }_2^{*}\times m\left(X_2\right)\times d\left(X_2,{\theta }^{*}\right)$

${\beta }_1^{*}\times {\beta }_2^{*}\times d\left(X_1,{\theta }^{*}\right)$

${\beta }_1^{*}\times {\beta }_2^{*}$

m(X₁) × m(X₂) × d(X₂, θ*)

m(X₁) × d(X₂, θ*)

d(X₂, θ*)

${\beta }_2^{*}\times m\left(X_1\right)\times d\left(X_2,{\theta }^{*}\right)$

m(X₁) × d(X₁, θ*) × m(X₂)

Residuals

Total