An IERI – International Educational Research Institute Journal
Table 2 Means and standard deviations of students’ reading attainment and the student-level variables for all participants, and for average readers, readers with low proficiency, and readers with high proficiency
Variable | Possible maximum score | All (n = 3,875) | Average (n = 1,033) | Low proficiency (n = 265) | High proficiency (n = 2,577) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | ||
Reading attainment | / | 571.04 (60.79) | 520.58 (20.24) | 438.29 (31.45) | 604.93 (36.19) |
Students’ reading attitude | 24 | 18.38 (3.74) | 17.43 (3.67) | 16.77 (3.18) | 18.93 (3.7) |
Students’ reading motivation | 24 | 19.74 (3.99) | 19.19 (4.14) | 18.53 (4.85) | 20.08 (3.78) |
Students’ reading self-concept | 28 | 20.88 (3.79) | 19.59 (3.63) | 18.42 (2.89) | 21.65 (3.68) |
Home SES | 3 | 2.03 (0.43) | 1.99 (0.4) | 1.91 (0.4) | 2.06 (0.44) |
Peer bullying | 24 | 10.42 (3.9) | 10.69 (4.18) | 11.77 (4.65) | 10.17 (3.66) |